Besides his pylon, Amenhotep wrought a vast amount of work at Karnak;
but it was not, like that of Sety and Ramses, concentrated in a single
great structure, but dispersed in various parts of the sacred
enclosure, and so does not produce the same effect. To see the work of
Amenhotep on a scale worthy of his importance in the line of Egyptian
Pharaohs, you have to go to Luxor with its fine papyrus-bud forecourt,
and its noble nave, which, had it been finished, would have almost
rivalled the Hypostyle Hall of the later kings in size and exceeded it
in beauty; or to try to think back the vanished glories of what was
probably the most gorgeous and beautiful of all the Theban temples--the
Funerary temple of Amenhotep, which was destroyed, not by the Assyrian
conqueror, but by the royal vandals of the XIXth Dynasty, Ramses II and
his son Merenptah.
All the same, Amenhotep accomplished no small amount of work, in one
way and another, within the enclosure of Karnak. Just beyond the
girdle-wall of the great temple on the north side, he built a temple to
Mentu, the Theban War-God, with a pylon, and obelisks of red granite.
This temple once contained statues in black granite of the king, and of
the goddess Sekhmet, towards whom he evidently cherished a feeling of
deep devotion, if we may judge by the number of statues to her which he
dedicated in the temple of Mut.
The temple of Mentu shared the usual fate of Amenhotep’s work, and
was meddled with by Merenptah, Ramses V, and at least four of the
Ptolemies, a fair specimen of the fashion in which the history of
Karnak is complicated by the multitude of superimposed strata, or
rather of interwoven strands, with which you have to do.
On the south side, and just at the girdle-wall, stands the beautiful
temple of Khonsu (the son of the Theban Triad), one of the finest
examples of a complete Egyptian temple of normal form. This is not
the work of Amenhotep, but of Ramses III; but apparently an earlier
temple of Amenhotep must have once occupied the site, for the king set
up before the gateway a noble avenue of one hundred and twenty-two
sandstone sphinxes bearing his name. Beyond the wall, and approached
by the eastern avenue of sphinxes, lies another of Amenhotep’s
contributions to the glories of Karnak--the temple of Mut, the
mother-goddess of the Theban Triad, which was excavated in 1895–7 by
two English ladies, Miss Margaret Benson and Miss Janet Gourlay. It is
full of Sekhmet statues, and behind it lies a sacred lake, shaped like
a horse-shoe.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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