Care and Improvement of One's Environment.--Man can modify or change his surroundings by making this artificial environment favorable to live in. He may heat his dwellings in winter and cool them in summer so as to maintain a moderate and nearly constant temperature. He may see that his dwellings have windows so as to let light and air pass in and out. He may have light at night and shade by day from intense light. He may have a system of pure water supply and may see that drains or sewers carry away his wastes. He may see to it that people ill with "catching" or _infectious_ diseases are isolated or _quarantined_ from others. This care of the artificial environment is known as _sanitation_, while the care of the _individual_ for himself within the environment is known as _hygiene_. It will be the chief end of this book to show girls and boys how they may become good citizens through the proper control of personal hygiene and sanitation. REFERENCE BOOKS ELEMENTARY Hunter, _Laboratory Problems in Civic Biology_. American Book Company. Hough and Sedgwick, _Elements of Hygiene and Sanitation_. Ginn and Company. Jordan and Kellogg, _Animal Life_. Appleton. Sharpe, _A Laboratory Manual for the Solution of Problems in Biology_, _p. 95_. American Book Company. Tolman, _Hygiene for the Worker_. American Book Company. ADVANCED Allen, _Civics and Health_. Ginn and Company. III. THE INTERRELATIONS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS _Problem.--To discover the general interrelations of green plants and animals._ _(a) Plants as homes for insects._ _(b) Plants as food for insects._ _(c) Insects as pollinating agents._ LABORATORY SUGGESTIONS _A field trip_:--Object: to collect common insects and study their general characteristics; to study the food and shelter relation of plant and insects. The pollination of flowers should also be carefully studied so as to give the pupil a general viewpoint as an introduction to the study of biology. _Laboratory exercise._--Examination of simple insect, identification of parts--drawing. Examination and identification of some orders of insects. _Laboratory demonstration._--Life history of monarch and some other butterflies or moths. _Laboratory exercise._--Study of simple flower--emphasis on work of essential organs, drawing. _Laboratory exercise._--Study of mutual adaptations in a given insect and a given flower, _e.g._ butter and eggs and bumble bee. _Demonstration of examples of insect pollination._