(14) Explain and exemplify the fallacies of composition and division. (15) Illustrate the fallacy of figure of speech. (16) Give reasons for denominating the fallacies in thought as fallacies also of assumption. (17) Define and illustrate the fallacies of accident and converse accident. (18) Distinguish between the fallacies of composition and division and the two fallacies of accident. (19) “Every rule has its exception,” what has this to do with the fallacies of accident? (20) Explain and illustrate the fallacy of irrelevant conclusion. (21) Name the various ways in which irrelevant conclusion may be committed. (22) Illustrate the fallacy of _non sequitur_. (23) Explain the fallacy of false cause. (24) Give examples of the complex question. (25) How may the teacher use the complex question to advantage? (26) Explain the fallacy of begging the question. (27) Illustrate the three forms of begging the question. (28) From the viewpoint of form and meaning, test the validity of the following: (1) “No soldiers should be brought into the field who are not well qualified to perform their part; none but veterans are well qualified to perform their part, therefore, none but veterans should be brought into the field.” Whately. (2) “For the proverb is true, ‘That light gains make heavy purses;’ for light gains come thick, whereas great gains come but now and then.” Bacon. (3) “Whatever is given on the evidence of sense may be taken as a fact; the existence of God, therefore, is not a fact, for it is not evident to sense.” St. Andrew. 1896. (4) “All the trees in the park make a thick shade; this is one of them, therefore this tree makes a thick shade.” Jevons. (5) “What we eat grew in the field; loaves of bread are what we eat; therefore loaves of bread grew in the fields.” Jevons. (6) “Who is most hungry eats most; who eats least is most hungry; therefore who eats least eats most.” Jevons. (7) “Great talkers should be cropped, for they have no need of ears.” Franklin. (8) “Love your enemies, for they tell you your faults.” Franklin. (9) “All the works of Shakespeare cannot be read in a day; therefore the play of Hamlet, being one of the works of Shakespeare, cannot be read in a day.” Jevons. (10) “Logic as it was cultivated by the schoolmen proved a fruitless study; therefore logic as it is cultivated at the present day must be a fruitless study likewise.” Jevons. =12. QUESTIONS FOR ORIGINAL THOUGHT AND INVESTIGATION.= (1) Is there any difference in content between error and fallacy? Illustrate. (2) In what ways do trusts indulge in sophisms? (3) May the sophism be used conscientiously by the country doctor? Explain.