So far as results are concerned there is no difference between logical division and classification. Both processes may give us the same orderly scheme of heads and subheads. The difference lies in the process itself. Division is _deductive_ in nature as it proceeds from the more general genus to the less general species. While classification is _inductive_ as it groups the less general species under the more general genus. Division differentiates unity into multiplicity, while classification reduces multiplicity to unity. It follows that the one is the inverse of the other. The difference in the mode of procedure may be illustrated by using the common classification or division of triangles. For example: Without any knowledge of the kinds of triangles the student discovers by examining the various shapes of many triangles that there is a group in which _none_ of the sides are equal. For the lack of a better name he terms these non-equilateral (scalene). Further observation discloses another group in which two of the sides are equal. These he names bi-equilateral (isosceles). Finally a third group is designated as tri-equilateral (equilateral). This process is classification. Division would consist in separating the genus triangle into the three kinds――scalene, isosceles, equilateral. =7. KINDS OF CLASSIFICATION――ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL.= _An artificial classification is one in which the grouping is made on the basis of some arbitrary connection._ Cataloguing alphabetically the books in a library illustrates this kind of classification. Likewise the arrangement of the names in a directory or a telephone book. The connecting mark being the initial letter of the title or name. The reason why Mills and Meyers are put in the same group is that both names happen to commence with the letter _M_. Artificial classifications are resorted to for some special purpose, designed by man, not by nature. Consequently artificial classifications are sometimes called _special_ or _working_ classifications. _A natural classification is one in which the grouping is made on the basis of some inherent mark of resemblance._ Classifications in animal and plant life are the best illustrations of this kind. Such classifications are suggested by nature and not by man, and may, therefore, be called _general_ or scientific. The main aim of natural classification is to derive general truths and arrange knowledge so that it may be easily remembered. =8. TWO RULES OF CLASSIFICATION.= The rules of logical division are applicable in the making of a logical classification. In addition to these an artificial classification should be made to conform to the one rule: _The classification must be appropriate to the purpose in hand._ Likewise a natural classification should be made to conform to the rule: _Every classification should afford opportunity for the greatest possible number of general assertions._ =9. USE OF DIVISION AND CLASSIFICATION IN THE SCHOOL ROOM.=