=Apatūria=, a festival of Athens, which received its name from ἀπατη, _deceit_, because it was instituted in memory of a stratagem by which Xanthus king of Bœotia was killed by Melanthus king of Athens, upon the following occasion. When a war arose between the Bœotians and Athenians about a piece of ground which divided their territories, Xanthus made a proposal to the Athenian king to decide the battle by single combat. Thymœtes, who was then on the throne of Athens, refused, and his successor Melanthus accepted the challenge. When they began the engagement, Melanthus exclaimed that his antagonist had some person behind him to support him; upon which Xanthus looked behind, and was killed by Melanthus. From this success Jupiter was called ἀπατηνωρ, _deceiver_, and Bacchus, who was supposed to be behind Xanthus, was called Μελαναιγις, clothed in the skin of a _black goat_. Some derive the word from ἀπατορια, _i.e._ ὁμοτορια, because, on the day of the festival, the children accompanied their fathers to be registered among the citizens. The festival lasted three days. The first day was called δορπια, because suppers, δορποι, were prepared for each separate tribe. The second day was called ἀναρρυσις ἀπο του ἀνω ἐρυειν, because sacrifices were offered to Jupiter and Minerva, and the head of the victim was generally turned up towards the heavens. The third was called Κουρεωτις, from Κουρος, a _youth_, or Κουρα, _shaving_, because the young men had their hair cut off before they were registered, when their parents swore that they were freeborn Athenians. They generally sacrificed two ewes and a she-goat to Diana. This festival was adopted by the Ionians, except the inhabitants of Ephesus and Colophon.――――A surname of Minerva,――――of Venus. =Apeauros=, a mountain of Peloponnesus. _Polybius_, bk. 4. =Apella=, a word, _Horace_, bk. 1, satire 5, li. 10, which has given much trouble to critics and commentators. Some suppose it to mean circumcised (_sine pelle_), an epithet highly applicable to a Jew. Others maintain that it is a proper name, upon the authority of Cicero, _Letters to Atticus_, bk. 12, ltr. 19, who mentions a person of the same name.