§ 49. Nor is the privilege of the prisoner of war extended to single armed prowlers, by whatever names they may be called, or to persons of the enemy’s territory, who steal within the lines of the hostile army, for the purpose of robbing, killing, destroying bridges, roads, or canals, or of robbing or destroying the mail, or of cutting the telegraph wires. If captured, they are dealt with as pirates at sea are treated. § 50. Scouts, that is, single soldiers, disguised in the dress of the country, or in the uniform of the army hostile to their own, detailed or organized to obtain information, if captured within the lines of the captor, are treated as spies, and suffer death. § 51. Persons within an occupied territory, that rise in arms against the occupying or conquering army, or against the authorities established by the same, are war-rebels, and suffer death, whether they rise singly, in small or large bands, and whether called upon to do so by their own, but expelled, government or not. If captured, they are not prisoners of war; nor are they, if discovered and secured before their conspiracy has matured to an actual rising, or to armed violence. The Partisan proper, belonging to the army, although acting in a corps separate from the main body, if captured, is a prisoner of war. SPIES. TRAITORS. CAPTURED MESSENGERS. ABUSE OF THE FLAG OF TRUCE. § 52. All intercourse between the inhabitants of territories occupied by belligerent armies, whether by traffic, by letter, by travel, or in any other way, ceases. This is the general rule, to be observed without special proclamation. Exceptions to this rule, whether by safe-conduct, or permission to trade on a small or large scale, or by exchanging mails, or by travel from one territory into the other, can take place only according to agreement approved by the government, or by the highest military authority. Contraventions of this rule are highly punishable. § 53. Ambassadors, and all other diplomatic agents of neutral powers, accredited to the enemy, ought to receive safe-conducts through the territories occupied by the belligerents, unless there are military reasons to the contrary, and unless they may reach the place of their destination conveniently by another route. It implies no international affront if the safe-conduct is declined. § 54. If a person belonging to the territory of the enemy, occupied by a hostile army, gives information to the enemy, unauthorized to do so by the occupying or conquering authority, such person is either a spy or traitor, and in either case is punished with death. § 55. A spy is a person who secretly, in disguise or under false pretence, seeks information with the intention of communicating it to the enemy, or who causes others to do so. The spy is punished with death by hanging by the neck, whether or not he succeeded in obtaining the information, or in conveying it to the enemy.