(21.) =For it is= (this exists as the real state of the case) =man= (_i.e._ one specimen of humanity――this is what humanity is really doing) =which he toils= (= who _is_, or may be, labouring) =with wisdom, and with knowledge, and with success= (כשרון, occurs chapter ii. 21, iv. 4, v. 11, the root occurs Esther viii. 5, chapter xi. 6, x. 10; it is a technical word――a ‘successful issue’ is the meaning; compare the passages. The LXX. render by ἀνδρείᾳ, ‘bravery,’ which is not a bad rendering, since it appears from the above that this success was but temporary), =and to a man who= has =not= (emphatic; the contracted relative joined with the negative shows that his _not_ doing this is the point) =toiled= (_i.e._ taken any trouble) =in it= (emphatic, = ‘in that same’) =he will give it= as =his portion; also this is= a =vanity= and =an evil= which is =great=. (There is a strange sarcastic tone given by the affix in the verb following the emphatic pronoun, ‘to one who has not toiled in _it_ at all will he give that same.’) 22 For what hath man of │ For what comes to a man through all his labour, and of the │ all his toil and vexing his vexation of his heart, wherein │ heart, which he himself toils he hath laboured under the │ at within this work-day world? sun? │ (22.) =For what is there= (הוה, a peculiar form; but is it not possible that this word has been chosen for the sake of the equivoke? הַוָּה, ‘calamity,’ ‘perverseness,’ Job vi. 2, Micah vii. 3, and which makes most pungent and admirable sense) =to a man in all his toil, and in vexing= (רעיון, not רעות; compare chapter i. 18) =his heart which he= himself =toils= at =under the sun?= 23 For all his days _are_ │ Why, every day he spends is a sorrows, and his travail │ trouble, and disappointment the grief; yea, his heart taketh │ result of his anxiety, so that not rest in the night. This is │ even at night his heart gets also vanity. │ no rest. So then this is an │ instance of evanescence itself. (23.) =For= (as כי is repeated, it becomes emphatic, ‘for now’) =all his days are causing him pain= (or painful――notice the force of the מ־) =and disappointment his anxiety=, (a pregnant sentence, denoting more than his anxiety disappoints, his anxiety is always painful and useless too) =also at night does not rest= (this clause is an additional proof that we have correctly determined the meaning of ♦ענין; it is anxiety which causes wakefulness) even =his heart. Moreover this a vanity it is= (emphatic; so the meaning is, ‘this then _is indeed_ an instance of evanescence’). ♦ “עגין” replaced with “ענין”