_Demi-lion issuant._--This term is applied to a demi-lion when it issues from an ordinary, _e.g._ from the base line of the chief, as in the arms of Dormer, Markham, and Abney; or from behind a fesse, as in the arms of Chalmers. _Demi-lion naissant_ issues from the centre of an ordinary, and not from behind it. _Lions' heads_, both couped (Fig. 320) and erased, are very frequently met with both as charges on the shield and as crests. [Illustration: FIG. 321.--A lion's face.] _Lion's gamb._--Many writers make a distinction between the _gamb_ (which is stated to be the lower part only, couped or erased half-way up the leg) and the _paw_, but this distinction cannot be said to be always rigidly observed. In fact some authorities quote the exact reverse as the definition of the terms. As charges the gamb or paw will be found to occur in the arms of Lord Lilford ["Or, a lion's gamb erased in bend dexter between two crosslets fitchée in bend sinister gules"], and in the arms of Newdigate. This last is a curious example, inasmuch as, without being so specified in the blazon, the gambs are represented in the position occupied by the sinister foreleg of a lion passant. The crest upon the Garter Plate of Edward Cherleton, Lord Cherleton of Powis, must surely be unique. It consists of two lions' paws embowed, the outer edge of each being adorned with fleurs-de-lis issuant therefrom. _A lion's tail_ will sometimes be found as a crest, and it also occurs as a charge in the arms of Corke, viz.: "Sable, three lions' tails erect and erased argent." _A lion's face_ (Fig. 321) should be carefully distinguished from a lion's head. In the latter case the neck, either couped or erased, must be shown; but a lion's face is affronté and cut off closely behind the ears. The distinction between the head and the face can be more appropriately considered in the case of the leopard. {191} CHAPTER XII BEASTS