LESSON XLI. PIANO PLAYING AND COMPOSITION: CLEMENTI TO FIELD 380 LESSON XLII. FRANZ PETER SCHUBERT 391 LESSON XLIII. WEBER. MENDELSSOHN 397 LESSON XLIV. ROBERT SCHUMANN 407 LESSON XLV. FREDERIC CHOPIN 417 LESSON XLVI. FRANZ LISZT 425 LESSON XLVII. PIANISTS AND TEACHERS SINCE LISZT. I 436 LESSON XLVIII. PIANISTS AND TEACHERS SINCE LISZT. II 446 LESSON XLIX. THE ART SONG. ORATORIO AFTER MENDELSSOHN 454 LESSON L. THE SYMPHONIC POEM IN GERMANY 463 LESSON LI. GERMAN OPERA SINCE WAGNER 472 LESSON LII. OLD AND NEW SCHOOLS IN FRANCE 481 LESSON LIII. MUSICAL REGENERATION IN ITALY 491 LESSON LIV. ENGLAND AND THE NETHERLANDS 499 LESSON LV. NATIONAL SCHOOLS: BOHEMIA AND SCANDINAVIA 507 LESSON LVI. THE RUSSIAN SCHOOL 515 LESSON LVII. MUSIC IN THE UNITED STATES 525 LESSON LVIII. AMERICAN COMPOSERS: WORKS IN LARGE INSTRUMENTAL FORMS 535 LESSON LIX. AMERICAN COMPOSERS: VOCAL FORMS; PIANO AND ORGAN.—MUSICAL LITERATURE 543 LESSON LX. MUSICAL EDUCATION 552 INDEX 561 INTRODUCTION. =Purpose of the Study of the History of Music=.—The purpose of the study of the history of music is to trace the development of the many phases which make up modern music which we cannot but regard as a great social force, an intellectual, an uplifting force. If we consider it from the material side, it is one of magnitude; we need but think of the money invested in buildings, opera houses, schools, concert halls, publishing plants, factories, the sums spent on musical instruments, instruction, concerts, opera, etc., to recognize the commercial side. When we think of the great army of persons whose livelihood is conditioned upon musical work, upon the great audiences that support musical enterprises, we recognize the magnitude of music in a social sense, and that it offers a large field for study. These conditions, interesting as they are, represent only phases of musical work, not Music itself, and serve to show the place which Music occupies in the life of today. Our investigation is, then, a consideration of the origin and development of Music, and the means by which it took shape.