On November 5th, 1788, the centenary of the glorious Revolution of 1688
was celebrated in this city and county by illuminations, bonfires, public
dinners, &c., but more particularly at Holkham, where Mr. Coke, the late
Earl of Leicester, gave a grand fête, ball, and supper, and a display of
fireworks, &c. The citizens appear to have been more sensible then than
they are now of the immense benefits they derived from that great change
in the British constitution and government.
Next year (1789) a revolution broke out in France and astounded all
Europe. It caused a mighty commotion and a general war, which lasted
many years, and destroyed millions of men. Norwich, like every other
city in England, was affected by it, and lost nearly all its foreign
trade during the terrible conflict. On July 14th, the Revolution was
commemorated by republicans at the Maid’s Head Inn, in this city. Among
the toasts of the day after a dinner were “The Revolutionary Societies in
England,” “The Rights of Man,” and “The Philosophers of France.” The
Revolution, however, had not advanced very far in its atrocities when
most people regarded it in a very different light, and associations were
formed here against “Levellers” and “Revolutionists.”
On December 5th, 1792, the mayor, sheriffs, and seventeen aldermen of
Norwich, pledged themselves to support the constitution of Kings, Lords,
and Commons, as established in 1688. Meetings of the inhabitants were
also held in this city, and in Yarmouth, Lynn, &c., and declarations of
loyalty and attachment to the constitution were unanimously agreed to and
signed; for men had begun to be alarmed by the “Reign of Terror” in
France.
In 1793 a petition for parliamentary reform, signed by 3741 inhabitants
of Norwich, was presented to the House of Commons by the Hon. H. Hobart,
but was not received, it having been printed previous to presentation.
This indicated a great advance in liberal opinions towards the end of the
last century, chiefly amongst the Nonconformists, who had greatly
increased in numbers, whilst the church was asleep. The vast expenditure
in the long war against France caused a great increase in taxation.
On April 12th, 1794, a great county meeting was held at the Shirehall, to
consider the exertions which should be made at that crisis for the
internal defence and security of the kingdom. The High Sheriff, T. R.
Dashwood, Esq., presided. The Honble. C. Townshend moved resolutions,
supported by the Marquis Townshend, Lord Walsingham, Mr. Buxton, Mr.
Windham, and Mr. Joddrell, for forming volunteer corps of cavalry, and
for entering into subscriptions to maintain the same. Mr. Coke condemned
the war _in toto_, and insisted that it might have been avoided, or at
the least brought to a conclusion, by a negociation for peace, and he
moved as an amendment:
“That it is our duty to refuse any private subscriptions for public
purposes and unconstitutional benevolences.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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