The Germans attack the island of Oesel in the Gulf of Riga with naval and military forces; the greater part of the island is occupied. Oct. 13 (Sat.) The Germans capture Arensburg, the capital of Oesel Island. Oct. 14 (Sun.) The Gulf of Riga:--An indeterminate action between German and Russian naval forces is fought in the Sound between Oesel Island and Dago Island. Oct. 16 (Tues.) It is announced in Parliament that a British Air Ministry will be constituted. The Germans complete the occupation of Oesel, taking many prisoners. Oct. 17 (Wed.) Gulf of Riga:--The Germans force Irben Strait; the Russians are compelled to sink and abandon their battleship _Slava_ in Moon Sound. Scandinavian merchantmen, convoyed by two British destroyers, are attacked by a German naval force in the North Sea: the two destroyers, the _Mary Rose_ and the _Strongbow_, are sunk after a gallant fight (135 lives lost); most of the merchantmen are sunk, but three escape. The U.S.A. transport _Antilles_ is sunk by a submarine (67 lives lost). Oct. 18 (Thur.) The Gulf of Riga:--The Germans complete the capture of Moon Island. Oct. 19 (Fri.) The Gulf of Riga:--The Germans complete the capture of Dago Island. A Zeppelin raid on the east and north-east of England and on London (27 killed); five of the raiders are brought down in France on their return journey. H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Orama_ is sunk by a submarine in the Atlantic. Oct. 20 (Sat.) The Gulf of Riga:--The Germans capture Schilden Island. Oct. 21 (Sun.) The Gulf of Riga:--The Germans land at Verder, on the mainland of Esthonia (see Oct. 27). British naval forces bombard Ostend. Oct. 22 (Mon.) The Germans counter-attack and gain ground in Houthulst Forest. A German withdrawal south of Riga. Oct. 23 (Tues.) The French attack on the Aisne Front: the German defences are deeply penetrated; Malmaison Fort and other important positions are carried, 8000 prisoners being captured. The Italian Isonzo and north-eastern fronts are heavily bombarded at many points by the Austro-Germans, the Austrians in this area having been strongly reinforced by Germans. Oct. 24 (Wed.) The Battle of Caporetto begins (see Nov. 18): the Italians are strongly attacked in the neighbourhood of Tolmino, on the Upper Isonzo, by Austro-German forces; the Italian Second Army gives way on a twenty-mile front. Oct. 25 (Thur.) Resignation of Signor Boselli and the Italian Cabinet. A further French advance on the Aisne Front: many guns are captured. The Italians retreat rapidly on the whole front between Plezzo and a point south of Auzza: the Austro-Germans capture Monte Matajur (south-west of Caporetto); they claim 30,000 prisoners in two days' fighting. A British air-raid on the railways and factories at Saarbrücken. Oct. 26 (Fri.) The British advance on the Passchendaele Ridge; the French capture the village of Dvaeibank.