A British air-raid on Mannheim. May 22 (Wed.) A German aeroplane raid on Paris (one killed). British airmen raid Zeebrugge and sink a German destroyer. May 23 (Thur.) Costa Rica declares war on the Central Powers. The British armed merchant cruiser _Moldavia_, while transporting American troops, is sunk by a submarine in the English Channel (56 lives lost). May 24 (Fri.) Mesopotamia:--The British withdraw from Kirkuk (see May 7 and Oct. 25). May 26 (Sun.) The Italians capture the Monticello Pass (in the Adamello district) with 870 prisoners and 12 guns. The British transport _Leasowe Castle_ is sunk by a submarine in the Mediterranean (92 lives lost). May 27 (Mon.) The Third Battle of the Aisne (see June 2): the Germans launch an offensive north-west of Rheims; they carry the whole line of the Chemin-des-Dames and advance rapidly to the Aisne, which they cross on a front of eighteen miles; on the left of the German attack British troops hold their ground north of Rheims. Between Locre and Voormezeele the French repulse a German attack. The bombardment of Paris by long-range guns is renewed. May 28 (Tues.) The Germans advance rapidly south of the Aisne; they force the line of the Vesle. American troops capture a German salient at Cantigny, north-west of Montdidier. May 29 (Wed.) The Germans capture the Vrégny Plateau and Soissons (see Aug. 2), and advance south of the Vesle. May 30 (Thur.) The Germans reach Fère-en-Tardenois. Macedonian Front:--Greek troops make a successful attack at Skra di Legen (west of the Vardar and near the Serbian border) and capture 1500 prisoners. May 31, (Fri.) The Germans reach the Marne from Château-Thierry to Dormans; they claim to have captured 45,000 prisoners and 400 guns since May 27. The American transport _President Lincoln_ is sunk by a submarine in European waters. The British destroyer _Fairy_ is sunk after ramming and destroying a submarine in the North Sea. June 1 (Sat.) The Germans attack at various points between the Oise and the Marne and gain ground slightly; down the valley of the Ourcq the Germans advance to the edge of the Forest of Villers-Cotterets, 40 miles from Paris. June 2 (Sun.) The end of the Third Battle of the Aisne (see May 27): German attacks near Château-Thierry make little impression on the French defence; at several points between the Ourcq and the Marne the French counter-attack and gain ground. June 3 (Mon.) The Lys Front:--Mont de Merris (west of Merris village) is captured by the British. The Germans attack in considerable strength north of the Aisne, between Soissons and Noyon, but make slight progress. June 5 (Wed.) A German attack at Longpont and an attempt by the Germans to cross the Oise near Vingres are defeated. H.M.S. _Snaefell_ (armed boarding-steamer) is sunk by a submarine in the Mediterranean. June 6 (Thur.) French, British, and American troops counter-attack and regain ground at various points.