Produced by Bryan Ness, Aaron Reed and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net A CRITICAL EXPOSITION OF THE POPULAR "JIHAD." A CRITICAL EXPOSITION OF THE POPULAR "JIHAD." SHOWING THAT ALL THE WARS OF MOHAMMAD WERE DEFENSIVE; AND THAT AGGRESSIVE WAR, OR COMPULSORY CONVERSION, IS NOT ALLOWED IN THE KORAN. WITH APPENDICES PROVING THAT THE WORD "JIHAD" DOES NOT EXEGETICALLY MEAN 'WARFARE,' AND THAT SLAVERY IS NOT SANCTIONED BY THE PROPHET OF ISLAM. BY MOULAVI GHERAGH ALI, _Author of_ "REFORMS UNDER MOSLEM RULE," "HYDERABAD (DECCAN) UNDER SIR SALAR JUNG." CALCUTTA: THACKER, SPINK AND CO. 1885. CALCUTTA: PRINTED BY THACKER, SPINK AND CO. NOTE. I here take the opportunity of removing a wrong idea of the alleged injunction of the Prophet against our countrymen the Hindus. The Hon'ble Raja Siva Prasad, in his speech at the Legislative Council, on the 9th March, 1883, while discussing the Ilbert Bill, quoted from Amir Khusro's _Tarikh Alai_ that, "Ala-ud-din Khiliji once sent for a Kazi, and asked him what was written in the Code of Mehammadan law regarding the Hindus. The Kazi answered that, the Hindus were _Zimmis_ (condemned to pay the Jizya tax); if asked silver, they ought to pay gold with deep respect and humility; and if the collector of taxes were to fling dirt in their faces, they should gladly open their mouths wide. God's order is to keep them in subjection, and the Prophet enjoins on the faithful to kill, plunder and imprison them, to make Mussulmans, or to put them to the sword, to enslave them, and confiscate their property....'" [_Vide_ Supplement to the _Gazette of India_, April 21, 1883, page 807.] These alleged injunctions, I need not say here, after what I have stated in various places of this book regarding intolerance, and compulsory conversion, are merely false imputations. There are no such injunctions of the Prophet against either _Zimmis_, (_i.e._, protected or guaranteed) or the Hindus. TO THE HONORABLE SYED AHMED KHAN BAHADUR, C.S.I., THIS BOOK IS, WITHOUT EVEN ASKING PERMISSION. AND WHOLLY WITHOUT HIS KNOWLEDGE. DEDICATED AS A SLIGHT BUT SINCERE TESTIMONY OF ADMIRATION FOR HIS LONG AND VARIOUS SERVICES IN THE CAUSE OF ISLAM AND IN RESPECT OF HIS RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL REFORMS IN THE MOSLIMS OF INDIA, AND OF GRATITUDE FOR MUCH PERSONAL KINDNESS AND FRIENDSHIP, BY THE AUTHOR. [Transcriber's Note: All errata listed below have been corrected in the e-text. Mistakes not listed below have been left as they appeared in the printed book, although missing or misplaced punctuation marks have been corrected.] ERRATA. _Page_ _Line_ _For_ _Read_