22. Irrespective of the wars prosecuted by the Koreish from the South against Mohammad at Medina, and the constant danger of inroad and attack upon Medina from the neighbouring tribes--a great obstacle in the propagation of Islam which could only be successfully accomplished in a state of peace and tranquility of both parties,--the most important and great tribes in the North and Centre of Arabia were at war against each other during the life of Mohammad, either before his mission from 570 to 610 A.D. or during his public mission from 610 to 632 A.D. The disastrous internecine wars were kept up for scores of years and the evils necessarily inflicted in their progress were not confined to the belligerents only. It required years to remove the evils of war and to efface the traces of misery and sorrow the wars had brought.[44] [Footnote 44: The same remarks apply to the wars fought during Mohammad's lifetime but before his public mission.] 23. Here I will give a brief sketch of the internecine wars which took place among the various Arab tribes during the time of Mohammad. *Wars during Mohammad's Lifetime, between the Arabian Tribes in the North and Centre of Arabia.* _Before his mission_, 570-610, A.D. (1.) The battle of Rahrahan between Bani Aamir bin Saasaa and Bani Tamim in Najd, 578, A.D. (2.) The Bani Abs on the side of Bani Aamir and Bani Zobian on the side of Tamim, 579, A.D., at _Sheb Jabala_. (3.) Sacrilegious war at Tayif called Harb fi-jar, 580-590, A.D. (4.) Several battles between Bani Bakr and Tamim in 604, A.D. and the following years. _During his mission._ (A)--_While at Mecca, 610-622, A.D._ (1.) The war of Dahis between Bani Abs and Zobian, the branches of Ghatafan in Central Arabia; lasted forty years, 568 to 609, A.D. (2.) The battle of Zu-kar between the Bani Bakr and the Persians in the Kingdom of Hira, 611, A.D. (3.) The Bani Kinda and Bani Haris attacked Bath Tamim when they had retired to Kulab in the confines of Yemen and repulsed them. (4.) The Bani Aws and Khazraj of Medina were at war. The battle of Boas was fought in 615, A.D. The Bani Aws were assisted by two tribes of Ghassan, by Mozeima and the Jewish tribes Nazeer and Koreiza. The Bani Khazraj were supported by Joheina, Ashja and the Jews of Kainuka. (B)--_While at Medina_, 622 to 632, _A.D._ (1.) The standing warfare between the Bani Hawazin and the Bani Abs, Zobian, and Ashja of Ghatafan was kept up by assassinations and petty engagements till they become converts to Islam. (2.) The Koreish fought two battles of Badr and Ohad against the Moslems at Medina in 624 and 625, A.D., respectively. (3.) Several clans of the great Ghatafan family (the Bani Murra, Ashja and Fezara) the Bani Suleim and Sad, a branch of Hawazin, and Bani Asad from Najd Bedouin tribes, and Bani Koreiza the Jews, had besieged Medina in 627, A.D., in confederation with the Koreish.