A Discourse Presented to the Most Serene Don Cosimo II., Great Duke of Tuscany, Concerning the Natation of Bodies Vpon, and Submersion In, the Water.Galilei, Galileo
Science
A Discourse Presented to the Most Serene Don Cosimo II., Great Duke of Tuscany, Concerning the Natation of Bodies Vpon, and Submersion In, the Water.
Galilei, Galileo
Hydrostatics; Specific gravity
I have said all that I could at present think of, to maintain the
Assertion I have undertook. It remains, that I examine that which
_Aristotle_ hath writ of this matter towards the end of his Book De
Cælo[79]; wherein I shall note two things: the one that it being true as
hath been demonstrated, that Figure hath nothing to do about the
moving or not moving it self upwards or downwards, its seemes that
_Aristotle_ at his first falling upon this Speculation, was of the
same opinion, as in my opinion may be collected from the examination
of his words. 'Tis true, indeed, that in essaying afterwards to render
a reason of such effect, as not having in my conceit hit upon the
right, (which in the second place I will examine) it seems that he is
brought to admit the largenesse of Figure, to be interessed in this
operation. As to the first particuler, hear the precise words of
_Aristotle_.
[79] _Aristot. de Cælo_ Lib. 4. Cap 6.
_Figures are not the Causes of moving simply upwards or downwards, but
of moving more slowly or swiftly[80][81], and by what means this comes to
pass, it is not difficult to see._
[80] _Aristotle_ makes not Figure the cause of Motion absolutely,
but of swift or slow motion,
[81] Lib. 4. Cap. 6: Text. 42.
Here first I note, that the terms being four, which fall under the
present consideration, namely, Motion, Rest, Slowly and Swiftly: And
_Aristotle_ naming figures as Causes of Tardity and Velocity,
excluding them from being the Cause of absolute and simple Motion, it
seems necessary, that he exclude them on the other side, from being
the Cause of Rest, so that his meaning is this. Figures are not the
Causes of moving or not moving absolutely, but of moving quickly or
slowly: and, here, if any should say the mind of _Aristotle_ is to
exclude Figures from being Causes of Motion, but yet not from being
Causes of Rest, so that the sence would be to remove from Figures,
there being the Causes of moving simply, but yet not there being
Causes of Rest, I would demand, whether we ought with _Aristotle_ to
understand, that all Figures universally, are, in some manner, the
causes of Rest in those Bodies, which otherwise would move, or else
some particular Figures only, as for Example, broad and thinne
Figures: If all indifferently, then every Body shall rest: because
every Body hath some Figure, which is false; but if some particular
Figures only may be in some manner a Cause of Rest, as, for Example,
the broad, then the others would be in some manner the Causes of
Motion: for if from seeing some Bodies of a contracted Figure move,
which after dilated into Plates rest, may be inferred, that the
Amplitude of Figure hath a part in the Cause of that Rest; so from
seeing such like Figures rest, which afterwards contracted move, it
may with the same reason be affirmed, that the united and contracted
Figure, hath a part in causing Motion, as the remover of that which
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