It hardly seems fitting that we should close these pages without giving our readers some little idea of just what the tool steel industry is doing for the successful conclusion of the great cause nearest our hearts. One of the first statements which we could make would be that every metal worker in the world absolutely requires some form of tool steel or special alloy steel in the manufacture of his product. Of course, a very great many manufacturers other than the actual metal workers also need this same supply of tool steel in order that their production might not immediately cease. Volumes could be written on the vital importance of tools to industry in general, from the drills which drill out the hole in a hypodermic needle, to a twelve-ton drop-forge steam hammer. But for the present we may confine ourselves to simply the briefest mention of the vast number of iron and steel products actually and vitally engaged in the prosecution of the war. We are told that we need ships, yet the ship industry could not proceed a day if its supply of necessary tools was cut off. The overwhelming increase in the manufacturing operations of the world which has taken place since the opening of the European War can better be imagined than explained, it being only necessary for us to point out here that the one absolute necessity which is common to all and required by all branches of such vast manufacture is the proper supply of necessary tools. It has been the personal duty of the writer to make various visits to different Government shops and Arsenals as well as to the plants and shops of torpedo, shell and munition manufacturers and the vital part which the tools of production are playing in the great undertaking has been forcefully impressed upon his attention. The metals which are destined to play an active part in actual warfare are naturally required to meet the most severe conditions imaginable. Thus we find the high manganese armor plate and the high chrome-manganese armor piercing projectile. We find the new specifications for steel forging, for hulls and engines now have rigid chrome-vanadium and special nickle requirements, all of which means that the tools that do the machining, planing, shaping, cutting, drilling, boring, reaming, stamping and many other operations must be made of a tougher and harder material than ever before. We know that for every man who may fight on the battle field, at least two men must labor in our shops and factories over mechanical operations.