A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of IndiaSewell, Robert
History
A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of India
Sewell, Robert
Vijayanagar (Empire) -- History
Another states that the two brothers were officers in the service of
the Muhammadan governor of Warangal subsequent to its first capture
in 1309. They were despatched against the Hoysala Ballala sovereign
in the expedition under the command of Malik Kafur in 1310, which
resulted in the capture of the Hindu capital, Dvarasamudra; but the
portion of the force to which the brothers belonged suffered a defeat,
and they fled to the mountainous tract near Anegundi. Here they met
the holy Madhava, who was living the life of a recluse, and by his
aid they established the kingdom and capital city.
A variant of this relates that the two brothers for some reason
fled direct from Warangal to Anegundi. This account redounds more
to their honour as Hindus. Though compelled first to accept service
under their conquerors, their patriotism triumphed in the end, and
they abandoned the flesh pots of Egypt to throw in their luck with
their co-religionists.
A fourth story avers that the hermit Madhava himself founded the city
after the discovery of a hidden treasure, ruled over it himself,
and left it after his death to a Kuruba family who established the
first regular dynasty.
A fifth, mentioned by Couto,[30] who fixes the date as 1220, states
that while Madhava was living his ascetic life amongst the mountains
he was supported by meals brought to him by a poor shepherd called
Bukka, "and one day the Brahman said to him, 'Thou shalt be king and
emperor of all Industan.' The other shepherds learned this, and began
to treat this shepherd with veneration and made him their head; and
he acquired the name of 'king,' and began to conquer his neighbours,
who were five in number, viz., Canara, Taligas, Canguivarao, Negapatao,
and he of the Badagas, and he at last became lord of all and called
himself Boca Rao." He was attacked by the king of Delhi, but the
latter was defeated and retired, whereupon Bukka established a city
"and called it Visaja Nagar, which we corruptly call Bisnaga; and we
call all the kingdom by that name, but the natives amongst themselves
always call it the 'kingdom of Canara.' " Couto's narrative seems to
be a mixture of several stories. His wrong date points to his having
partly depended upon the original chronicle of Nuniz, or the summary
of it published by Barros; while the rest of the tale savours more
of Hindu romance than of historical accuracy. He retains, however,
the tradition of an attack by the king of Delhi and the latter's
subsequent retirement.
Another authority suggests that Bukka and Harihara may have been
feudatories of the Hoysala Ballalas.
Nikitin, the Russian traveller, who was in India in 1474, seems to
favour the view that they belonged to the old royal house of the
Kadambas of Banavasi, since he speaks of "the Hindoo Sultan Kadam,"
who resided at "Bichenegher."[31]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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