A Full Enquiry into the Nature of the Pastoral (1717)Purney, Thomas
General
A Full Enquiry into the Nature of the Pastoral (1717)
Purney, Thomas
Pastoral poetry
I shall only add one Observation on this Head, and proceed. Pastoral
admits of _Narration_ and _Dialogue_, but in _Narration_ we may be
greatly more diffuse in our Descriptions than in the _Dialogue_ part of
the Piece. For nothing in Poetry is to be preserv'd with more care than
probability, especially in Pastoral. Now for a Shepherd to be relating
an Accident of Concern, and to dwell on a Description of Place or Person
for four or five Lines in the midst, does it not look as if 'twere only
Verses written, and not a Tale actually told by the Swain, since in
such a Case 'tis natural to hast to the main Point, and not to dwell so
particularly on Matters of no Consideration.
I might give several other Reasons for the shortness of Pastoral
Descriptions, as that 'tis the manner of Shepherds not to dwell on one
Matter so precisely, but to run from one thing to another; Also, that
the Reader's Mind is delighted when it has scope to employ it self; and
the like. But the clearness of the Question prevents me.
SECT. 3.
_What Pastoral Images will shine most in a Description_.
We have just shown which Images are the finest; and 'tis evident that by
an accumulation of the best Images is form'd the best Description. 'Tis
not here my business particularly to show which Circumstances, in any
Description, are best, which worst; 'tis enough, that in general We
affirm the most Beautiful to be finest in Pastoral, and the most Sublime
in Epick Poetry; which are most Beautiful, and which are most Sublime I
have elsewhere shown.
Yet there are several foreign Assistances or Adjuncts, which do greatly
add to a beautiful Circumstance; as for Instance; if along with
a beautiful Image, we by any means show at once the Happiness and
Innocence of the rural Inhabiters, it renders the Circumstance greatly
more delightful. This can't so well be explain'd as by an Instance.
_Ovid_ describes _PROSERPINA_, as she is gathering Flowers in a Meadow
among her Play-Fellows, hurried away by _PLUTO_, in order to her
Ravishment. Among the Misfortunes, which that Violence brought upon the
Innocent young Creature, this is one;
_And oh, out Lap the pretty florets fell_.
There is no Circumstance in any Author, nor any one will be ever
invented, more proper for Pastoral than this Line: As it contains not
only a most beautiful Image, but show's us at once the Simplicity,
and Happiness of the Country, where even such Accidents are accounted
Misfortunes.
But this is a Circumstance that would but just bear the touching upon;
and _Ovid_ by his two next Lines, has, I think, spoil'd it. In Mr.
_SEWEL_'s Translation they run thus.
_Oft on her_ Mates, _oft on her Mother call's,
And from her Lap her fragrant Treasure fall's;
And she (such Innocence in Youth remains)
Of that small Loss, among the rest, complains_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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