c. A pupa as seen from the under side. d. An adult moth, either male or female. THE LIVING BEETLE _Materials._ Living beetles in cages, together with portions of the plant upon which they are found; or if water beetles are used, they should be kept in aquaria. Individual specimens in battery jars or wide-mouth bottles, and preserved beetles in pans or vials for reference. _Observations._ 1. Upon what plant or in what surroundings is your kind of beetle generally found? If you can, give its common name. 2. What is the length, breadth, and thickness of your beetle? Would you describe it as a "small" insect or a "large" one? 3. Of what general color is it? Describe any color markings you see. 4. If any of the legs differ from the others or are of peculiar shape or length, describe them and tell what you think they may be fitted to do. 5. As a rule, beetles have harder "shells" than other insects. Does this shell completely inclose the body, or can you find any soft parts exposed? How are the head, thorax, and abdomen joined so as to carry out the apparent purpose of protection? What is the outline of the body--a continuous line or one with many irregularities? 6. If possible, try to lift up one side of the "shell" from the hinder end of the body. You will discover that this portion of the shell is a pair of hard sheath wings, and beneath them is another pair. How are the under ones unlike the upper in size and texture? in use? in arrangement when not in use? 7. Does a beetle spend most of its life on the wing, like bees and flies? How might the body covering and the structure of the outer wings affect or determine the beetle's habits, even against its will? 8. Are the feelers or are the eyes of your specimen more easily distinguished? Upon which of the special senses does it seem to place most dependence? 9. Is your kind of beetle good for anything, either in nature or in human affairs? Make a statement regarding what good or what harm it may do. THE DAMSEL FLY LARVA _Materials._ Living larvæ of the damsel fly in shallow watch glasses of water for individual use, and others in large pans or aquaria. Simple lenses or dissecting microscopes. _Observations._ 1. What is the color and the shape of the larva? how long is it? Notice in what surroundings in the water the larva lives, and answer to yourself how its form and color would protect it in those surroundings. 2. Since the larva is an insect, though immature, its body is composed of three regions: head, thorax, and abdomen. How do these regions differ from each other? 3. What structures has your specimen to enable it to move from place to place? If fully developed wings are not present, what indication is there of their being formed? 4. What sense organs has the larva? Which ones seem to be the largest and most useful?