Observe these points in your specimen and the colors of the upper and under sides of the wings. Find the large eyes and examine them with a lens. With the needle or pin carefully uncoil the sucking tube which you may find under the head between two shields. Note the fuzziness of the body and the "dust" which covers the wings. Examine some of this dust under a lens. _Questions._ 1. Is your specimen a butterfly or a moth? Prove your statement. If possible, give the name of your specimen. 2. Write a description of your specimen--its size, general color, and special color pattern. 3. Describe the sucking tube, or "proboscis," and name some flowers from which it might obtain nectar. Try to find out how the tube is operated. 4. Why is it that moths and butterflies never bite? Do they sting? How do you think they protect themselves from enemies? 5. State how the fuzz and dust on your specimen might influence a bird's liking for it. 6. Contrast the size and usefulness of the wings of the butterfly with those of some other insect you know about; contrast their legs; state how development of one set of structures may cause another set to be simple or feeble. 7. Most moths are active by night. What explanation can you give for their large eyes and expanded feelers? Feelers of insects may be for any or all of the following: touch, taste, smell, and hearing. _Suggested drawings._ a. The butterfly or moth. b. An antenna (feeler). THE LIVING CATERPILLAR _Materials._ Living caterpillars in cages or covered jars for individual study, and other specimens in cages with foliage for food or concealment. _Observations._ The pupil should observe the general form and external construction of the caterpillar, watching it feeding, in action, and at rest. Notice how the creature moves. Find its head, its segments (similar divisions of the body), and its breathing holes along the sides of the body. Try to find its eyes, any feelers, wings or paddles. Try to loosen it from its support; find the tiny hooks on the feet for clinging fast. _Questions._ 1. Give the general color of your specimen and explain how this color may make it conspicuous or may aid its concealment. 2. Describe the outer surface or covering of the caterpillar. What structures, if any, are there, which might make the animal distasteful or inedible? 3. How many pairs of legs are there? How are they distributed along the body? Counting the segments, state which ones bear no legs. 4. To what extent do the legs act in locomotion? Are they mere organs for attachment while the body swings forward and backward, or do the legs do this, as in a horse? Make a complete statement. 5. Notice the openings of the internal breathing tubes. How are they protected against dust and other foreign matter? 6. Does the caterpillar seem to be a warm-blooded animal? State how the free access of air along the body would influence internal temperature.