=Men-kau-Rā=, the Mykerinos of Greek writers, reigned, it is said, about sixty-three years; no details of his reign are known, and he is chiefly famous as the builder of the =Third Pyramid= at Gîzah, which the Egyptians called “Ḥer” 𓁷𓐰𓂋𓉴. This pyramid is between 210 and 215 feet high, and the length of each side at the base is about 350 feet. The illustration on page 202 shows the position of the corridors and the mummy chamber, which is 60 feet below the surface of the ground, and also indicates the damage which was done to the pyramid by the Khalîfa Al-Mâmûn, who, believing that it was full of gold and precious stones, tried to demolish it. The pyramid was originally cased with slabs of granite, many of which still remain in position. In the mummy chamber were discovered a =stone sarcophagus=, a =wooden coffin=, the cover of which was inscribed with the king’s names and titles and an extract from a religious text, and the =remains= of a =mummy= wrapped in a cloth. These were despatched by ship to England in 1838, but the ship was wrecked, and the sarcophagus was lost; the fragments of the coffin and the mummy were recovered, and are now exhibited in =Case B= in the First Egyptian Room. In the reign of Men-kau-Rā certain Chapters of the Book of the Dead were revised or composed by =Ḥeruṭāṭāf=, a son of Khufu, or Cheops, who was renowned for his learning. A cast of a =statue= of =Men-kau-Rā=, and a sepulchral stele of =Khennu=, a “royal kinsman” and councillor of the king, are exhibited in the Egyptian Vestibule, Nos. =30= and =31=. In the reign of Men-kau-Rā was born a child to whom the name of =Ptaḥ-Shepses= was given, and who was a playfellow of the princes and princesses in the palace. In the reign of the next king, =Shepseskaf=, he married the royal princess =Maāt-khā= 𓌷𓐰𓂝𓐰𓏏𓈍𓐰𓂝, and lived on through the reigns of Userkaf, Saḥu-Rā, Nefer-ȧri-ka-Rā, and two or three other kings of the Vth dynasty. Under each king he filled a number of important offices, and at his death was probably considerably more than 100 years old. He was buried in a fine large maṣṭaba tomb at Ṣaḳḳârah, from which the great door in the Egyptian Vestibule, No. =32=, was taken. The façade is inscribed in fine bold hieroglyphics, and the sculptured decorations on the sides are good examples of the best funerary reliefs of the period. The upper parts of each of the main perpendicular lines of text contained the name of a king, but of these only two now remain. [Illustration: Section of the Third Pyramid of Gîzah, built by Menkaurā (Mykerinos), showing the extent of the portions removed.] [Illustration: PLATE XXI. An Egyptian official of the IVth dynasty. Cast of the wooden statue of the Shêkh al-Balad, or “Shêkh of the Village.” [Egyptian Vestibule, No. 35.]]