A guide to the history of physical educationLeonard, Fred Eugene
History
A guide to the history of physical education
Leonard, Fred Eugene
Physical education and training; Physical education and training -- History
After Harvard, Yale College seems to have been the first to introduce
gymnastics among its students. A letter received from the University
Library states “that the idea was taken from the gymnasium recently
established at Harvard; that Tutor William M. Holland was sent to
Cambridge in the summer of 1826 to procure the apparatus, and that he
superintended the exercises, which was begun with the opening of the
fall term of 1826.” At a meeting of the Corporation held September 12,
1826, it was “Voted that a sum not exceeding three hundred dollars, to
be expended under the direction of the faculty, be appropriated to the
clearing and preparation of grounds for a Gymnasium and to the erection
of apparatus for Gymnastic exercises, with a view to the promotion of the
health and improvement of the Students.”
A book entitled “Student Life at Amherst College,” compiled by George R.
Cutting and published at Amherst in 1871, contains the following account
of a similar movement at that institution: “In the summer of 1826 the
students of the college petitioned the Faculty for a holiday in which
to clear up the college grove. The petition was granted, and a second
day was given for further completion of the work. Thus logs, stumps, and
rubbish were removed, and the students had a fine grove at their command
for outdoor exercise. Several months afterward a Gymnastic Society was
formed, whose chief object was the erection and support of gymnastic
apparatus in this grove. The first president of the society was Joseph
Howard, M.D., of ’27. The Faculty concurred in the plans of the society,
and as a result of their efforts a variety of useful apparatus was placed
here, which was eminently serviceable to the students and contributed
not a little to their health and happiness. By the enthusiasm and public
spirit of the society a bathing house (10 × 12 feet) was also erected, in
the southwest corner of the grove. Here shower-baths were provided for
the members. This was afterwards burned down. In 1827-1828 the society
contemplated the erection of bowling alleys, but the Faculty would not
suffer the innovation.... Addresses were occasionally pronounced before
the society, in the chapel, upon ‘physical culture.’ The society did
not really cease to exist until 1859-1860, when the present (Barrett)
gymnasium was erected. Its apparatus, ever and anon increased and
repaired by the liberality of the students, was not removed from the
grove until after that time.” Dr. E. M. Hartwell, in his “Physical
Training in American Colleges and Universities” (Washington, 1886),
tells us that “One who entered Amherst as a student in 1829 describes a
gymnasium which consisted of ‘a few horses and parallel bars, with one or
two swings in the grove, but even these belonged to a society of students
who guarded their property with jealous care.’”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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