A guide to the history of physical educationLeonard, Fred Eugene
History
A guide to the history of physical education
Leonard, Fred Eugene
Physical education and training; Physical education and training -- History
In “The Harvard Book” (Cambridge, 1875) Thomas Wentworth Higginson
describes the gymnasium as “of brick, octagonal in form, 74 feet in
diameter and 40 feet high. It includes as great a variety of apparatus as
is compatible with the size of the building; there are also two bowling
alleys, and there are dressing-rooms, but no bath-rooms.... The first
teacher of gymnastics in Harvard College was Abram Molineaux Hewlett. He
was a professional teacher of boxing, and had established a gymnasium
of his own in Worcester, Mass., where he was highly esteemed. He was a
mulatto, of very fine physique, and of reputable and estimable character.
He was, moreover, a fair gymnast and a remarkably good teacher of boxing.
In the first years of his term of service there was a good deal of
activity in the Gymnasium, and regular class-exercises went on. After a
few years the interest fell off in some degree, or concentrated itself
chiefly on the rowing-weights. Mr. Hewlett died December 6, 1871, and ...
Mr. Frederic William Lister was appointed in 1872.” Hewlett’s name does
not appear in the list of “Officers of Instruction and Government” in the
Harvard catalogues, but from 1867 to 1871 he is mentioned with the title
“Instructor and Curator” in a brief statement regarding the “College
Gymnasium.”
[Illustration: FIG. 72.—The Yale Gymnasium of 1860.]
[Illustration: FIG. 73.—The Yale Gymnasium of 1860.]
At Yale College a gymnasium was erected in 1859, on Library Street near
the corner of High, behind the college grounds proper, and “dedicated on
Monday evening, January 30th” of the following year.[248] It was a plain
brick structure 100 by 50 feet, with a main hall 25 feet high to the
crossbeams, and large gable windows. Across the front (south) end of the
hall stretched a gallery 25 feet deep, in which were dressing closets and
a room or rooms for an instructor or janitor. A basement story, about
10 feet high, contained bath-rooms and bowling alleys. The total cost
was something over $11,000, of which $10,000 was appropriated by the
Corporation and George Merriam of Springfield, Mass., contributed $500 of
the balance. Yale catalogues from 1860 on through the decade state that
for the privileges of the gymnasium, “including instruction, the sum of
$4 a year will be charged to each academical student.” Catalogues of 1867
and later years add that “those who use the bathing-rooms connected with
the Gymnasium pay a small fee for tickets.” Lyman B. Bunnell, B.A., is
listed as Instructor in Gymnastics in 1860 and 1861, and Follansbee G.
Welch[249] during the years 1867-72.[250]
[Illustration: FIG. 74.—The Amherst (Barrett) Gymnasium of 1860.]
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