describes the system and methods employed in Kansas City, and will be found, much abridged, in the corresponding volume of _Proceedings_. Mr. Betz was also director of the first summer school conducted under the auspices of the national _Turnerbund_, at its Normal School in Milwaukee (July 1 to August 10, 1895). [Illustration: FIG. 84.—Gymnasium of the Washburn School, Cincinnati. (From a photograph loaned by Dr. Robert Nohr).] [Illustration: FIG. 85.—Gymnasium of the Westwood School, Cincinnati. (From a photograph loaned by Dr. Robert Nohr).] A letter written in 1887 explains his plan of instruction as follows: “On every Saturday the director of physical training drills the principals of the different ward schools. These in turn drill their assistants, the regular teachers, on every Monday. The assistants take up the new drill for the week on every Tuesday. The drill is obligatory, and is taken as any of the other studies. At ten o’clock all principals strike a gong, and at this signal all teachers take up the drill at once (daily). Thus at the same time all school children throughout the city have the same exercise. Each teacher is furnished with a manual of instruction, which clearly marks the work to be accomplished. The scholars, of course, do not leave the schoolroom.... As yet we have only free gymnastics, but as soon as possible dumb-bells, wands, poles, rings, and clubs will follow. Then gymnastic games and popular gymnastics will be taken up, and lastly heavy gymnastics on apparatus.” The little manual of instruction to which he refers was afterwards expanded into a _System of Physical Culture in a Series of Four Books, i.e., Free Gymnastics_ (Kansas City, 1887), _Gymnastic Tactics_ (1887), _Light Gymnastics_ (1887), and _Popular Gymnastics: Athletics and Sports of the Playground_ (1893). Later editions of these books, all more or less revised, were published in Chicago (A. Flanagan Co.). Additional volumes were planned, and even announced as “in preparation,” but never completed. The ones named were adopted as guides in the schools of numerous other cities, and also served as models for similar works prepared by fellow-graduates of the Normal School who occupied corresponding positions elsewhere.