The eminent French essayist _Michel de Montaigne_ (1533-1592), in discussing at some length the education of children, has comparatively little to say of their physical training; but his few words on that subject have been frequently quoted, and will still bear repetition. They are found in Book I, Chapter 25, of the _Essays_ (1580). Health and strength are necessary, he says, for “the soul will be oppressed if not assisted by the body.... I know very well how much mine groans under the disadvantage of a body so tender and delicate that eternally leans and presses upon her.... Our very exercises and recreations, running, wrestling, music, dancing, hunting, riding, and fencing will prove to be a good part of our study. I would have his outward behavior and mien, and the disposition of his limbs, formed at the same time with his mind. It is not a soul, it is not a body, that we are training up; it is a man, and we ought not to divide him into two parts; and as Plato says, we are not to fashion one without the other, but make them draw together like two horses harnessed to a coach. By which saying of his does he not seem to allow more time for, and to take more care of, exercises for the body, and to believe that the mind in a good proportion does her business at the same time too?... Inure him to heat and cold, to wind and sun, and to danger that he ought to despise. Wean him from all effeminacy in clothes and lodging, eating and drinking; accustom him to everything, that he may not be a Sir Paris, a carpet-knight, but a sinewy, hardy, and vigorous young man.” An English contemporary of Rabelais, and of Henry VIII, was _Sir Thomas Elyot_ (1490?-1546), intimate with Sir Thomas More, deeply stirred by the spirit of the Renaissance, and held in high repute for his scholarship. “The Boke named the Governour,” published by him in 1531, relates to the education suitable for a gentleman’s son who is preparing to serve the commonwealth. It passed through a half-dozen editions within the next fifty years, and has been recently reprinted in London and New York. Book I, Chapters 16-22, 26 and 27, comprising more than an eighth of the entire work, are concerned with physical training, which is treated under the following heads: “Of sundry forms of exercise necessary for a gentleman. Exercises whereof cometh both recreation and profit” (here he mentions the use of dumb-bells of lead or other metal, lifting or throwing the heavy stone or bar, wrestling, running, swimming, handling the sword and the battle axe, riding and vaulting.) “The ancient hunting of Greeks, Romans, and Persians. Dancing. Of other exercises which, moderately used, be to every estate of man expedient. That shooting in a long bow (the ‘noble art of archery’) is principal of all other exercises.”[10] Elyot’s fondness for the classics appears in his very numerous references to Greek and Roman examples or authorities.