A Guide to the Scientific Knowledge of Things FamiliarBrewer, Ebenezer Cobham
Science
A Guide to the Scientific Knowledge of Things Familiar
Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham
Science -- Juvenile literature
A. Because the pupil _dilates_ again, and is able to gather together
more rays; in consequence of which, we see more distinctly.
Q. _If we look at the SUN for a few moments, why do all OTHER things
appear DARK?_
A. Because the pupil of the eye (which was _very much contracted_ by
looking at the sun) is _too small_ to collect sufficient rays from
_other objects_, to enable us to distinguish their colours. (_See_
"accidental colours.")
Q. _If we watch a bright FIRE for a few moments, why does the ROOM seem
DARK?_
A. Because the pupil of the eye (which was very much _contracted_ by
looking at the fire) is _too small_ to collect sufficient rays from the
objects around, to enable us to distinguish their colours.
Q. _Why can we see the PROPER COLOUR of every object again, after a few
minutes?_
A. Because the pupil _dilates_ again, and accommodates itself to the
light around.
Q. _Why can TIGERS, CATS, and OWLS see in the DARK?_
A. Because they have the power of _enlarging the pupil of their eyes_,
so as to collect several scattered rays of light; in consequence of
which, they can _see distinctly_ when it is not light enough for us to
see _any thing at all_.
Q. _Why do CATS and OWLS SLEEP almost all DAY?_
A. As the pupil of their eyes is _very broad_, daylight _fatigues_ them;
so they close their eyes for relief.
Q. _Why do CATS keep WINKING, when they sit before a FIRE?_
A. As the pupil of their eyes is _very broad_, the light of the fire
_pains_ them; and they keep shutting their eyes to relieve the sensation
of too much light.
Q. _Why do TIGERS, CATS, OWLS, &c. PROWL by NIGHT for prey?_
A. As these animals cannot see distinctly in _strong daylight_, they
_sleep_ during the _day_: and as they can see clearly in the _dark_,
they prowl then for prey.
Q. _Why do GLOW-WORMS glisten by NIGHT only?_
A. Because the light of day is _so much stronger_, that it _eclipses_
the feeble light of a glow-worm; in consequence of which, glow-worms are
_invisible by day_.
Q. _Why can we not see the STARS in the DAY-TIME?_
A. Because the light of day is so powerful, that it _eclipses the feeble
light of the stars_: in consequence of which, they are invisible by day.
Q. _Why can we see the STARS even at MID-DAY, from the bottom of a deep
WELL?_
A. As the rays of the sun never come _directly over a well_, but the
rays of the _stars_ do; therefore the light from those stars (in such a
situation) is more clear than the light of the _sun_.
Q. _What is the USE of TWO EYES, since they present only one image of
any object?_
A. The use of two eyes is to _increase the light_, or take in _more rays
of light_ from the object looked at, in order that it may appear _more
distinct_.
Q. _Why do we NOT see things DOUBLE, with TWO EYES?_
A. 1st--Because the _axis of both eyes is turned to one object_; and,
therefore, the _same impression_ is made on the ret´ina of _each eye_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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