A Guide to the Scientific Knowledge of Things FamiliarBrewer, Ebenezer Cobham
Science
A Guide to the Scientific Knowledge of Things Familiar
Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham
Science -- Juvenile literature
A. Because a tall pointed object, (like a tree or spire,) will
frequently _discharge_ a lightning-cloud; and then the electric fluid
_will pass down it_, in its way to the earth.
Q. _How can a TREE or SPIRE DISCHARGE a lightning-cloud?_
A. A lightning-cloud (floating over a _plain_) may be _too far off_ to
be discharged by it; but as a tree, or spire, would _shorten_ the
distance between the cloud and its conductor, it might no longer be too
far off a conductor to be discharged.
Q. _Is not air a CONDUCTOR of lightning?_
A. No; dry air is _not_ a conductor of lightning; and therefore, the
flash _rends it in twain_, to get to some conductor.
Q. _Why would it be dangerous to stand near a tree or spire, while
lightning is passing down it?_
A. Because the electric fluid (called lightning) always rushes down the
_outside_ of the tree or spire; and if any one were standing near, might
pass through _him_, and kill or maim him.
Q. _Does lightning go through the inside or outside of a tree?_
A. It rolls down the _outside_ of a _tree_; but passes through the
_inside_ of a _man_.
Q. _Why does lightning pass down the OUTSIDE of a tree?_
A. Lightning always makes choice of the best conductors; and the
_outside_ of a tree is a better conductor than the inside.
Q. _Why does lightning pass through the INSIDE of a man?_
A. As the _fluids_ of the human body make a better conductor than the
_skin_, therefore lightning passes _through_ a man, and not down the
skin.
Q. _Why is it DANGEROUS to be near a deep RIVER, or any other running
water, during a thunder-storm?_
A. Because running water is a good conductor; and lightning always takes
in its course the _best conductors_.
Q. _Why is it dangerous for a man to be near water, in a thunder-storm?_
A. Because the _height of a man_ may be sufficient to discharge a cloud:
and (if there were no _taller_ object nigh) the lightning might make the
_man_ its conductor to the water.
Q. _Why is it DANGEROUS to RING CHURCH-BELLS during a thunder-storm?_
A. For two reasons: 1st--Because the steeple may _discharge_ the
lightning-cloud, in consequence of its mere _height_.
2ndly--The swinging of the bells causes _a current of air_, which
collects electric fluid.
Q. _Why is it unsafe to RUN or DRIVE FAST during a thunder-storm?_
A. The rapid motion of running causes a _current of air_, which collects
electric fluid, and is often fatal.
Q. _What PARTS of a DWELLING are most DANGEROUS during a thunder-storm?_
A. The fire-place, (especially if the fire be _lighted_); the attics and
cellar. It is also dangerous to sit close by the walls; to ring the
bell; or to bar the shutters, during a thunder-storm.
Q. _Why is it DANGEROUS to sit BEFORE a FIRE, during a thunder-storm?_
A. Because the heated air and soot are conductors of lightning;
especially when connected with such excellent conductors as the stove,
fender, and fire-irons.
Q. _Why are the ATTICS and CELLAR DANGEROUS, during a thunder-storm?_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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