HABITS.--Of this Macaque little is known in a wild state. It is, however, very docile and gentle in captivity. In life the tail is rarely carried erect, and is as a rule applied over the anus; its latter fourth being doubled on itself to the left, and serving to fill up the interspace between the divergent portion of the callosities, so that the animal sits on this portion of its tail, which contains only a few rudiments of vertebræ at its {11}base, and the upper surface of which is rough and somewhat callous.... Here we have a monkey which sits on its tail, and although it may be that it does not invariably do so, I am prepared to state, after careful observation, that it does so very frequently; and there is the more importance to be attached to this observation, because this habit appears to be a peculiarity of the species. (_Anderson._) III. RUFOUS STUMP-TAILED MACAQUE. MACACUS RUFESCENS. _Macacus rufescens_, Anderson, P. Z. S., 1872, p. 204 (Juv.); id., Zool. Exped. Yun-nan, p. 79 (1878); Scl., P. Z. S., 1872, p. 495, pl. xxiv.; 1873, p. 194. _Macacus arctoides_, Schl., Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 116 (1876; part). CHARACTERS.--Very nearly related to _M. arctoides_, of which it is perhaps only a southern race. Face red, more brilliant round the orbits; nose and lips brownish; tail stumpy, thinly haired. Fur rather brilliant brick-red, especially on the cheeks, flanks, and outside of the limbs. This animal is known, however, only from young specimens. DISTRIBUTION.--Malay Peninsula. IV. THE MOOR MACAQUE. MACACUS MAURUS. _Macacus maurus_, F. Cuvier, Mamm., pl. xlv. (Avril, 1823); Anderson, Zool. Exped. Yun-nan, p. 80 (1878, pt.; with full synonymy); Schl., Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 117 (1876). _Cynocephalus niger_ (?), Quoy et Gaim., Voy. de l'Astrol., Zool, i., p. 67 (1830). _Macacus arctoides_, Is. Geoffr., Zool. Bélang. Voy., p. 61 (1834); id., Arch. Mus., ii., p. 573. {12}_Macacus ocreatus_, Ogilby, P. Z. S., 1840, p. 56; Sclater, in Wolf, Zool. Sketches, ii., pl. i. (1865); id., P. Z. S., 1860, p. 420, pl. lxxxii.; Anderson, t.c., p. 81 (pt). _Macacus fusco-ater_, Schinz, Syn. Mamm. i., p. 58 (1844). _Macacus inornatus_, Gray, P. Z. S., 1866, p. 202, pl. xix.; id., Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 129 (1870).