A Historical Survey of the Customs, Habits, & Present State of the GypsiesHoyland, John
History
A Historical Survey of the Customs, Habits, & Present State of the Gypsies
Hoyland, John
Romanies
Of the Italian Gypsies, the same traveller in his journey through
Calabria, p. 304, gives the following account: “The landlord of the inn
at Mirti, earnestly recommended to the servants to leave nothing out of
doors, as there was an encampment of Zingari, or Gypsies, who would lay
their hands upon any part of the baggage, that was not watched with the
strictest attention. His caution led me to an inquiry into the state of
this strange tribe of vagrants, of whom I had seen great numbers in
Spain. The result of this account, combined with those I had received
from others, is as follows:
“The Gypsies of Calabria do not contract alliances with any other class
of inhabitants; but marry among themselves.
“It is not possible to say where they reside, as they have no fixed
habitations; and consequently possess neither house nor land, but pitch
their tents wherever they think proper to make any stay. They support
life by the profits of handicrafts; but more by swapping asses and
horses.
“They generally work in iron, and make trivets, knitting needles,
bodkins, and such trifles. Their dress is extremely shabby; they shave
their chins, but indulge a great length of hair, which they seldom
disturb with either comb or scissars.
“As to their religion, it is a secret which they keep locked up in their
own breasts. They seem to have no great veneration for the Virgin Mary,
but are supposed to believe in Christ. All the proof we have of their
belief, depends upon appearances, and an occasional conforming to the
ceremonies of the Roman Catholic religion, in marriages, burials, &c.;
but if the priests start any difficulties, they manage the matter without
their interference, and perform the functions according to their own
ceremonies, which in many points resemble those of the heathens.
“At their weddings they carry torches, and have paranymphs to give the
bride away, with many other unusual rites.
“It is in reality, almost absurd to talk of the religion of a set of
people, whose moral characters are so depraved, as to make it evident
they believe in nothing capable of being a check to their passions. They
are usually accounted pilferers, cheats, faithless, and abandoned to
dissoluteness.
“They tell fortunes, and play juggling tricks, just as they do in all
other countries where they are to be found. In 1560, they were banished
the kingdom as thieves, cheats, and spies for the Turks. In 1569 and
1685, the order was resumed, but not being enforced, had little effect.
“A Gypsey being brought to trial for a larceny, declared, that his law
allowed him to take as much from others, every day, as sufficed for his
maintenance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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