Transcriber’s notes This transcription uses the following symbols for typographical features in the source document: _text_ represents italicised text; =text= bold face text, ^{text} superscript text, ~text~ spaced-out text, and ^text^ blackletter text. Small capitals have been replaced by all capitals. More transcriber’s notes may be found at the end of this text. A HISTORY OF ADVERTISING. PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE AND COMPANY EDINBURGH AND LONDON [Illustration: A. Concanen, del. et lith. Stannard & Son, imp. MODERN ADVERTISING: A RAILWAY STATION IN 1874.] A HISTORY OF ADVERTISING ^From the Earliest Times^. _ILLUSTRATED BY ANECDOTES, CURIOUS SPECIMENS, AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES._ BY HENRY SAMPSON. [Illustration] WITH ILLUSTRATIONS AND FACSIMILES. ^London:^ CHATTO AND WINDUS, PICCADILLY. 1874. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THOMAS MILNER GIBSON, IN HUMBLE RECOGNITION OF THE IMPORTANT SERVICES HE HAS RENDERED TO THE CAUSE OF _ADVERTISING,_ AS WELL AS TO JOURNALISM GENERALLY, ^This Book^ IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, BY HIS OBEDIENT SERVANT, THE AUTHOR. CONTENTS. CHAP. PAGE I. INTRODUCTORY--NEWSPAPERS AND NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING 1 II. INTRODUCTORY--STREET AND GENERAL ADVERTISING 19 III. ANCIENT FORMS OF ADVERTISING 33 IV. MEDIÆVAL AND OTHER VARIETIES OF ADVERTISING 43 V. NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING FORESHADOWED--ITS EARLIEST USE--HOUGHTON’S LESSONS 61 VI. DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERTISING 94 VII. CONCLUSION OF SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 120 VIII. EARLY PART OF EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 142 IX. MIDDLE OF EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 176 X. THE EDUCATION COMPLETED 205 XI. CURIOUS AND ECCENTRIC ADVERTISEMENTS 240 XII. SWINDLES AND HOAXES 304 XIII. THE GREAT BOTTLE-TRICK SWINDLE 365 XIV. QUACKS AND IMPOSTORS 373 XV. GRAHAM AND HIS CELESTIAL BED 411 XVI. LOTTERIES AND LOTTERY INSURANCE 422 XVII. MATRIMONIAL ADVERTISEMENTS AND AGENCIES 475 XVIII. HANDBILLS, INSCRIPTIONS, ETC. 510 XIX. AMERICAN AND COLONIAL ADVERTISEMENTS 556 XX. ADVERSARIA 597 PREFACE. In presenting the following humble attempt at history-writing to the reader, I am selfish enough to admit a preference for his tender mercy rather than for his critical judgment. I would ask him to remember that there are many almost insurmountable difficulties to be faced in the accomplishment of a work like this, and a narrowed space adds to rather than diminishes from their antagonistic power.