Capitals, windows, and details which are meant to illustrate forms or construction, and not particular buildings, are drawn to any scale that seemed best to express the purpose for which they are inserted; when they are remarkable for size, or as individual examples, a scale has been added; but this is the exception, not the rule. Every pain has been taken to secure the greatest possible amount of accuracy, and in all instances the sources from which the woodcuts have been taken are indicated. Many of the illustrations are from original drawings, and of buildings never before published. CONTENTS OF VOL. I. INTRODUCTION. PAGE PART I.—SECTION I. INTRODUCTORY.—II. BEAUTY IN ART.—III. 3 DEFINITION OF ARCHITECTURE.—IV. MASS.—V. STABILITY.—VI. DURABILITY.—VII. MATERIALS.—VIII. CONSTRUCTION.—IX. FORMS.—X. PROPORTION.—XI. CARVED ORNAMENT.—XII. DECORATIVE COLOUR.—XIII. SCULPTURE AND PAINTING.—XIV. UNIFORMITY—XV. IMITATION OF NATURE.—XVI. ASSOCIATION.—XVII. NEW STYLE.—XVIII. PROSPECTS PART II.—ETHNOGRAPHY AS APPLIED TO ARCHITECTURAL ART. I. INTRODUCTORY 52 II. TURANIAN RACES—Religion, Government, Morals, Literature, Arts, 55 and Sciences III. SEMITIC RACES—Religion, Government, Morals, Literature, Arts, 64 and Sciences IV. CELTIC RACES—Religion, Government Morals, Literature Arts, and 70 Sciences V. ARYAN RACES—Religion, Government, Morals, Literature, Arts, and 75 Sciences VI. CONCLUSION 83 PART I.—ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE. INTRODUCTORY 87 OUTLINE OF EGYPTIAN CHRONOLOGY 90 BOOK I.—EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE. I. INTRODUCTORY 91 II. THE PYRAMIDS AND CONTEMPORARY MONUMENTS—Tombs—Temples 97 III. FIRST THEBAN KINGDOM—The Labyrinth—Tombs—Shepherds 110 IV. PHARAONIC KINGDOM—Thebes—Rock-cut Tombs and 118 Temples—Mammeisi—Tombs—Obelisks—Domestic Architecture V. GREEK AND ROMAN PERIOD—Decline of art—Temples at 139 Denderah—Kalábsheh—Philæ VI. ETHIOPIA—Kingdom of Meroë—Pyramids 147 BOOK II.—ASSYRIAN ARCHITECTURE. I. INTRODUCTORY 151 II. CHALDEAN TEMPLES 157 III. ASSYRIAN PALACES—Wurka—Nineveh—Nimroud—Khorsabad—Palace of 168 Sennacherib, Koyunjik—Palace of Esarhaddon—Temples and Tombs IV. PERSIA—Pasargadæ—Persepolis—Susa—Fire Temples—Tombs 194 V. INVENTION OF THE ARCH 214