Abd-er-Rahman, Caliph, 126 Acropolis, 61, 62 Adan, the, 126 Age of Legend (Greece), 46 Agrippa, 76 Albert Hall, South Kensington, 181 Alexander the Great; 17; and Thais, 34 Alexandria, obelisks at, 15 Alhambra; 129; described by De Amicis, 129, 130 American architecture; youth of, 181; domestic, 183, 184; periods of, 184; modern writer on, 186; promise of, 188, 190 (and _see_ United States) Amytis, 30 Ancient or heathen art, 2 Ancient architecture; 87; change from, to Gothic, 79; adapted to climate and use, 172 Andrea del Sarto, 153 Angers, church at, 103 Antæ. _See_ pilasters Arabs, 128 Arcades; combined from Greek and Etruscan art, 76; of Ducal Palace, Venice, 142 Arc de l'Étoile (Paris), 165 Arch; knowledge of principle of, 73; found in Etruscan ruins, 73; oldest in Europe (of Cloaca Maxima), 74; the Roman triumphal, 81; of Titus, 82; of Septimius Severus, 82; of Beneventum, 82, 83; Roman, 83; (Gothic) unending use of, 95; French use of pointed, 96; early use of pointed, 123; examples of, in Court of the Lions, 130; examples of, in Ducal Palace, 142; triumphal, in France, 164 Architecture _in general_, 1 Architrave, 52, 56 Art; as effected by Athenian influence, 67; (Gothic) religious use of, 103; (Gothic) revival of, 104; (Gothic) applied to civic edifices, 104; of Renaissance, and Filippo Brunelleschi, 134-138; (Italian) 145; (Italian) as a means of religion, 154 Artaxerxes Ochus, palace of, 38 Artemisia, 68, 69 Assouan. _See_ Syene Assyria; ruins of, 21; cuneiform inscriptions found in, 21; religious influence in, 22; bas-reliefs of, 22; palaces of, described, 23-26; Hercules of, 24; excelling in architects and designers, 28; obelisk of, 28, 29 Assyrian pillars, shaft of, 12 Assyrians, Persians taught by, 34 Astronomy, and Birs-i-Nimrud, 32 Athena; Parthenos, 62; Polias; statue of, 62, 64; Promachos, 62 (and _see_ Minerva) Athens; Choragic Monument of Lysicrates at, 57; Erechtheium at, 59; Acropolis of, 61; municipal buildings of, 67 Attic base, 55 Attic-Ionic style, the Erechtheium an example of, 65 Aue-Kirche (Munich), 175 Augustines, church of the (Paris), 160 Augustus (Emperor), boast of, 80 Autharis, 90 Avenue of Sphinxes, 13 Babylon; inscriptions of, 21; hanging gardens of, 29; temples of, 30; temple of Belus at, 31; prophecies concerning, 33 Babylonians; knowledge of, as builders, 30; Persians taught by, 34 Bacchus, monument of Lysicrates dedicated to, 68 Baptistery at Florence, 90 Barry, Sir Charles, 171 Base; Grecian Doric, 11; decorations on, at Persepolis, 41; Attic, 55; Ionic, 55; Tuscan order of, 76; Composite, 76