LÜTZOW. ŽAMPACH, _New Year's Day, 1899._ CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE FOREWORD TO NEW IMPRESSION v PREFACE vii INTRODUCTION xiii I. THE EARLIEST BOHEMIAN POETRY 1 II. EARLY PROSE WRITERS--THE PRECURSORS OF HUS 42 III. HUS 86 IV. THE PERIOD OF THE HUSSITE WARS 143 V. HUMANISTS AND THEOLOGIANS 174 VI. BOHEMIAN HISTORIANS OF THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 295 VII. THE REVIVAL OF BOHEMIAN LITERATURE 354 BIBLIOGRAPHY 423 INDEX 427 INTRODUCTION The Slavic language, a branch of the great Aryan family of speech, was originally one. It gradually divided itself into various dialects, a certain number of which have become written languages. According to the generally accepted division, the existent Slavic languages are divided into three great classes--the North-Eastern, Southern, and Western groups. The last-named group consists of the Bohemian and Polish languages and the almost extinct dialect of the Lusatians in Prussia and Saxony. The Bohemian language is spoken in a large and continuous part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, comprising the greater part of Bohemia and Moravia, part of Silesia, a small portion of the Archduchy of Austria, and extensive districts in Northern Hungary. There are considerable numbers of Bohemians beyond the borders of this continuous territory, in Lower Austria (particularly in Vienna), in Prussian Silesia (where their homes adjoin those of the Bohemians in Austrian Silesia), in Russia (particularly in Volhynia), and in the United States of America. According to the most authentic statistics, the Bohemian language is spoken by about 7,930,000 people. Of these, 7,650,000 live in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, 70,000 in Prussia, 60,000 in Russia, and 150,000 in the United States of America. Minor Bohemian colonies, such as that in London, do not require special notice: the native language also often disappears here after one or two generations. The Slavonic inhabitants of Northern Hungary, identical with the Bohemians as regards their race, have in the present century developed a written language somewhat different from that of Bohemia. If we therefore deduct them from the total, we come to the result that the Bohemian language is spoken by about 5,750,000 people. A HISTORY OF BOHEMIAN LITERATURE CHAPTER I THE EARLIEST BOHEMIAN POETRY