Of the two other examples we select from the misereres of Corbeil, the first represents the carpenter, or, as he was commonly called by our Anglo-Saxon and mediæval forefathers, the _wright_, which signifies simply the "maker." The application of this higher and more general term--for the Almighty himself is called, in the Anglo-Saxon poetry, _ealra gescefta wyrhta_, the Maker, or Creator, of all things--shows how important an art that of the carpenter was considered in the middle ages. Everything made of wood came within his province. In the Anglo-Saxon "Colloquy" of archbishop Alfric, where some of the more useful artisans are introduced disputing about the relative value of their several crafts, the "wright" says, "Who of you can do without my craft, since I make houses and all sorts of vessels (_vasa_), and ships for you all?" ("Volume of Vocabularies," p. 11.) And John de Garlande, in the thirteenth century, describes the carpenter as making, among other things, tubs, and barrels, and wine-cades. The workmanship of those times was exercised, before all other materials, on wood and metals, and the wright, or worker in the former material, was distinguished by this circumstance from the smith, or worker in metal. The carpenter is still called a wright in Scotland. Our last cut (No. 94), taken also from one of the misereres at Corbeil, represents the shoemaker, or as he was then usually called, the cordwainer, because the leather which he chiefly used came from Cordova in Spain, and was thence called _cordewan_, or _cordewaine_. Our shoemaker is engaged in cutting a skin of leather with an instrument of a rather singular form. Shoes, and perhaps forms for making shoes, are suspended on pegs against the wall. CHAPTER IX. GROTESQUE FACES AND FIGURES.--PREVALENCE OF THE TASTE FOR UGLY AND GROTESQUE FACES.--SOME OF THE POPULAR FORMS DERIVED FROM ANTIQUITY; THE TONGUE LOLLING OUT, AND THE DISTORTED MOUTH.--HORRIBLE SUBJECTS: THE MAN AND THE SERPENTS.--ALLEGORICAL FIGURES: GLUTTONY AND LUXURY.--OTHER REPRESENTATIONS OF CLERICAL GLUTTONY AND DRUNKENNESS.--GROTESQUE FIGURES OF INDIVIDUALS, AND GROTESQUE GROUPS.--ORNAMENTS OF THE BORDERS OF BOOKS.--UNINTENTIONAL CARICATURE; THE MOTE AND THE BEAM.