A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticismSaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticism
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
It is not, however, till the eighth book is reached (for the seventh,
except in some remarks on arrangement, is almost [Sidenote: _Book VIII.:
Style._] purely legal) that we find Quintilian, for a considerable time,
at close quarters with our special subject. After summarising with
remarkable clearness (so that there is nowhere any better conspectus, in
little, of the matter) the earlier and technically rhetorical part of
the _Institutes_, he comes to the third part, which he calls
“elocution.”[386] This is no other than the _lexis_, which Aristotle
treats not indeed perfunctorily (it was not in Aristotle to be guilty of
that crime), but with a sort of apologetic impatience, as one turning
back to the Court of the Gentiles after visiting the Holy of Holies. The
point of view, with some four hundred years of great work, not merely in
oratory, but in general literature, behind the critic, and with the new
requirement of comparison between Greek and Latin brought in, has
changed remarkably. Instead of a popular and slightly vulgar appendix,
it is (Quintilian tells us that all orators agreed with him) the most
difficult part of the subject. At the same time, he has not attained to
the almost perfect _parrhesia_ of Longinus; he dares not tell us (though
we can see that he was sometimes half minded to do so) that “beautiful
words are the light of thought.” He has the stereotyped caution—very
wholesome in its way—to those who neglect things and attend to words.
But he will not allow words to be neglected in their turn, and as a
matter of fact perhaps the greater, certainly the most interesting and
original, part of the five books which follow is occupied with what,
disguise itself as it may under the term of “elocution,” is really
“style.” Not, be it added, the mere fritter and foppery which sometimes
receives that name, but literary manner and art in the great and wide
sense—the proper subject, that is to say, of literary criticism.
Footnote 385:
§§ 101-112.
Footnote 386:
Some moderns (notably Campbell in his _Philosophy of Rhetoric_) have
followed Quintilian in this use of the word for “style.” But the
accepted sense in English is too well settled for this to be
permissible.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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