The King on his side was resolved not to let himself be [A.D. 1641.] dragged so far. He believed that the church and monarchy, and their mutual connexion, were too well established in England to be very easily overthrown, and thought that he could easily defend them both, if he could only separate the affairs of Scotland from those of England; for he referred to this inter-connexion all the misfortunes which had befallen him. This was the chief object of the journey to Scotland for which he was preparing. Among his advisers some even of those who were reckoned moderate men cherished this idea. ‘If you may overcome all difficulties there (in Scotland) I believe it will not be difficult for you to put all things here (in England) in good order,’ wrote his secretary, Master Nicholas. FOOTNOTES: [259] The words ‘durante bene placito’ were changed into the words ‘quamdiu se bene gesserint.’ [260] Hallam’s Const. Hist. ii. 196. Blackstone’s Commentaries iv. 230. Clarendon’s Hist. of the Rebellion iii. 121. [261] Giustiniano, July 19, reckons them at £250,000. [262] Speech of the King, July 5. Nalson ii. 327. [263] Deering, in Nalson ii. 247. [264] Lister’s Life of Lord Clarendon i. 113. [265] Journals ii. June 12. [266] The ten propositions of the Commons, in Nalson ii. 310:--the 3rd head about his Majesty’s counsells. [267] So Giustiniano declares ‘redurre la monarchia a governo democratico.’ In the Diurnall Occurrences it is only mentioned on the 27th of August: ‘both houses sate till 10 o’clock at night but could not agree upon anything.’ CHAPTER VII. CHARLES I IN SCOTLAND. THE IRISH REBELLION. In the middle of August 1641 Charles I reappeared in Scotland after eight years’ absence. What restlessness had since pervaded the country from end to end! how completely altered was the position of the King! In the year 1633 he had begun to establish the monarchical and despotic system which he had in view: in 1641 he was obliged to accept and confirm maxims entirely contrary to it.