=2. His Works.= Bacon wrote both in Latin and English, and of the two he considered the Latin works to be the more important. (_a_) His English works include his _Essays_, which first appeared in 1597. Then they numbered ten; but the second (1612) and third (1625) editions raised the number to thirty-eight and fifty-eight respectively. They are on familiar subjects, such as Learning, Studies, Vainglory, and Great Place; and in method they represent the half-casual meditations of a trained and learned mind. His other English works were _The Advancement of Learning_ (1605), containing the substance of his philosophy; _Apophthegms_ (1625), a kind of jest-book; and _The New Atlantis_, left unfinished at his death, a philosophical romance modeled upon More’s _Utopia_. (_b_) His Latin works were to be fashioned into a vast scheme, which he called _Instauratio Magna_, expounding his philosophical theories. It was laid out on the following plan, but it was scarcely half finished: (1) _De Augmentis Scientiarum_ (1623). This treatise, in which the English work on the _Advancement of Learning_ is embodied, gives a general summary of human knowledge, taking special notice of gaps and imperfections in science. (2) _Novum Organum_ (1620). This work explains the new logic, or inductive method of reasoning, upon which his philosophy is founded. Out of the nine sections into which he divides the subject the first only is handled with any fullness, the other eight being merely named. (3) _Sylva Sylvarum_ (left incomplete). This part was designed to give a complete view of what we call Natural Philosophy and Natural History. The subjects he has touched on under this head are four--the History of Winds, Life and Death, Density and Rarity, Sound and Hearing. (4) _Scala Intellectus._ Of this we have only a few of the opening pages. (5) _Prodromi._ A few fragments only were written. (6) _Philosophia Secunda._ Never executed.