Produced by Ted Garvin, Lynn Bornath, Leonard Johnson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. A HISTORY OF ENGLISH PROSE FICTION BY BAYARD TUCKERMAN NEW YORK & LONDON G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS The Knickerbocker Press 1894 COPYRIGHT BY G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS 1882 TO MY FATHER, THIS VOLUME IS AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED PREFACE. It is attempted in this volume to trace the gradual progress of English Prose Fiction from the early romance to the novel of the present day, in such connection with the social characteristics of the epochs to which these works respectively belong, as may conduce to a better comprehension of their nature and significance. As many of the earlier specimens of English fiction are of a character or a rarity which makes any acquaintance with them difficult to the general public, I have endeavored so to describe their style and contents that the reader may obtain, to some degree, a personal knowledge of them. The novels of the nineteenth century are so numerous and so generally familiar, that, in the chapter devoted to this period, I have sought rather to point out the great importance which fiction has assumed, and the variety of forms which it has taken, than to attempt any exhaustive criticism of individual authors--a task already sufficiently performed by writers far more able to do it justice. THE AUTHOR. B.T. "_The Benedick._" NEW YORK, Aug. 22, 1882. CONTENTS CHAPTER I. THE ROMANCE OF CHIVALRY ........................................ 1 CHAPTER II CHAUCER, TALES OF THE YEOMANRY, SIR T. MORE'S "UTOPIA".......... 42 CHAPTER III THE AGE OF ELIZABETH. LYLY, GREENE, LODGE, SIDNEY ............. 60 CHAPTER IV. THE PURITANS, "THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS" ......................... 102 CHAPTER V. THE RESTORATION. ROGER BOYLE, MRS. MANLEY, MRS. BEHN ........... 112 CHAPTER VI. THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. SWIFT, ADDISON, DEFOE, RICHARDSON, FIELDING, SMOLLETT ............................................. 134 CHAPTER VII. THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY CONTINUED. STERNE, JOHNSON, GOLDSMITH, AND OTHERS. MISS BURNEY AND THE FEMALE NOVELISTS. THE ROMANTIC REVIVAL ........................................... 220 CHAPTER VIII. THE NOVEL IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. THE NOVEL OF LIFE AND MANNERS. OF SCOTCH LIFE. OF IRISH LIFE. OF ENGLISH LIFE. OF AMERICAN LIFE. THE HISTORICAL NOVEL. THE NOVEL OF PURPOSE. THE NOVEL OF FANCY. USE AND ABUSE OF FICTION ...................................... 274 CHAPTER I. THE ROMANCE OF CHIVALRY. I