A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
In the _Ormulum_ irregularities of this kind never occur, a certain
proof that Orm thought them metrically inadmissible, and felt that an
extra syllable at the end of the first hemistich would disturb the flow
of the rhythm.
Epic caesura certainly is more in place, or at any rate more common, in
other kinds of verse, especially in the Middle English Alexandrine
formed after the Old French model, e.g.:
_Untó the Ínglis kínges, | þat hád it ín þer hónd._
Robert Mannyng, Chron. p. 2, l. 4.
In the four-foot and five-foot rhymed verse, and especially in blank
verse, it is of frequent occurrence:
_Why thís a fántom, | why thése orácles._ Chauc. H. of F. 11.
_To Cáunterbúry, | with fúl devóut coráge._ id. Prol. 22.
_What shólde he stúdie | and máke hym séluen wóod?_ ib. 184.[130]
_So crúel príson | how cóuld betíde, alás._ Surrey, p. 19.
_O míseráble sórrow! | withóuten cúre._ Wyatt, p. 124.
_With hídden hélp or vántage, | or thát with bóth._
Shakesp. Macb. I. iv. 113.
_But hów of Cáwdor? | The tháne of Cáwdor líves._ ib. I. iii. 72.
_But thís delíver'd, | he sáw the ármies jóin._
Fletcher, Loyal Subj. II. i. 333.
_For íf my húsband táke you, | and táke you thús._
id. Rule a Wife, v. 495.
_By vísion fóund thee ín the Témple, | and spáke._
Milton, Par. Reg. i. 256.
_Creáted húgest | that swím the Ócean-stréam._ id. Par. L. i. 202.
_And chíefly thóu, O Spírit! | that dóst prefér._ ib. i. 17.
_Have fílled their víals | with sálutáry wráth._
Coleridge, Relig. Musings, 84.
§ =91.= Double or feminine endings are more frequent than epic caesuras,
especially in Middle English poetry. They become rarer, however, in the
course of time in Modern English in consequence of the gradual
disappearance of the inflexional endings, e.g.:
_Þet wé don álle hís ibéden,
Ánd his wílle fór to réden._ Pater Noster, 7-8.
_Tó my wýtte | that cáuseth swévenes
Éyther on mórwes | ór on évenes._ Chauc. H. of Fame, 3-4.
_Áfter Éthelbért | com Élfríth his bróther,
Þat was Égbrihtes sónne, | and ȝit ther wás an óþer._
Robert Mannyng, Chron. p. 21, ll. 7-8.
_Withóuten óther cómpainýe | in yóuthe,
But therof néedeth nóught | to spéke as nóuthe._
Chauc. Prol. 461-2.
_And ín her síght | the séas with dín confóunded?_ Sur. p. 164.
_Or whó can téll thy lóss, | if thóu mayst ónce recóver._
Wyatt, p. 154.
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