A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
_Lie there, my árt. | Wípe thou thine eyes; have cómfort._
Shakesp. Temp. 1. ii. 25.
_The dífference 'twíxt the covetous | ánd the pródigall._
Ben Jonson, Staple of News, ii. 12.
_Nothing at áll! | I'll téach you tó be treacherous._
Fletcher, Mad Lover, iii. 255.
_Nó, Sir, | I dáre not leave her | tó that sólitariness._
id. Rule a Wife, iv. 479.
_What yóung thing's thís?-- | Good mórrow, béauteous géntlewoman._
id. Loy. Subj. v. ii. 402.
The two last quotations are noteworthy because the number of extra
syllables after the last accented one is two, three, or even four, a
peculiarity which is one of the characteristics of Fletcher's
versification. Other poets, e.g. Shakespeare, preferred feminine
endings in some periods of their literary career, so that it is possible
to use the proportion of masculine and feminine endings occurring in a
play, compared with others of the same poet, as a means of ascertaining
the date of its origin.
It is also to be observed that in certain epochs or kinds of poetry
feminine endings are more in favour than in others. In the eighteenth
century they are very scarce, whereas they become more frequent again in
the nineteenth century. Byron and Moore especially use them copiously in
their satirical and humorous poems to produce burlesque effects.
§ =92.= Another metrical licence also connected with the end of the line
is what is known as the =enjambement= or _run-on line_--that is to say,
the carrying over of the end of a sentence into the following line.
The rule that the end of a line must coincide with the end of a
sentence, is, from the nature of the case, more difficult to observe
strictly--and, consequently, the run-on line is more readily
admitted--in verse composed of short lines (which often do not afford
room for a complete sentence) than where the lines are longer. In blank
verse, also, the run-on line is more freely allowed than in rhymed
verse, where the pause at the end of the line is more strongly marked.
Generally speaking, enjambement is not allowed to separate two short
words that stand in close syntactical connexion and isolated from the
rest of the sentence, though examples of this do occur (especially in
the older poets) in which an adjective is separated from its
substantive:
_I wíll yive hím the álderbéste
Yífte, that éver he abóod his líve._ Chauc. Blaunche, 246.
_My lúte awáke, perfórm the lást
Lábour, that thóu and Í shall wáste._ Wyatt, p. 29,
or a verb from its subject or object, formed by a monosyllabic word:
_To téllen shórtly, whán that hé
Was ín the sée, thús in this wíse._ Chauc. Blaunche, 68.
_Me néed not lóng for tó beséech
Hér, that hath pówer me tó commánd._ Wyatt, p. 31.
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