A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
In accordance with the general character of the metre the verses in this
Chronicle are, even when rhyming as short lines, printed as long lines,
especially as this order of rhymes is not consistently observed in all
places in which they occur.
In lyrical poetry this metre is naturally chiefly found arranged in
short lines, as in the following examples:
Wright's Spec. of L. P., 97: Minot, ed. Hall, 17:
_Máyden móder mílde,_ _Tówrenay, ȝów has tíght_
_oiéz cel óreysóun;_ _To tímber tréy and téne_
_from sháme þóu me shílde, A bóre, with brénis bríght_
_e dé ly málfelóun._ _Es bróght opón ȝowre gréne_.
With another order of rhymes these verses are also met
with in tail-rhyme stanzas of different kinds, as, for instance,
in Wright's _Spec. of L. P._, p. 41:
_Of a món mátheu þóhte,_ _In márewe mén he sóhte,_
_þo hé þe wýnȝord wróhte;_ _at únder mó he bróhte,_
_and wrót hit ón ys bóc,_ _and nóm, ant nón forsóc_.
As a rule, the verses in such lyrical compositions intended to be sung
are more regularly constructed than in those of narrative poetry, where
the usual Germanic metrical licences occur more frequently.
In Modern English the three-foot verse has remained a favourite, chiefly
in lyrical poetry, and occurs there as well with monosyllabic as with
disyllabic rhymes, which may either follow one another or be crossed,
e.g.:
Surrey, p. 128: Surrey, p. 39:
_Me líst no móre to síng_ _Though Í regárded nót_
_Of lóve, nor óf such thing,_ _The prómise máde by mé;_
_How sóre that ít me wríng;_ _Or pássed nót to spót_
_For whát I súng or spáke,_ _My fáith and hónestý:_
_Mén did my sóngs mistáke._ _Yét were my fáncy stránge_, &c.
We seldom find three-foot verses with disyllabic rhymes throughout.
There is, on the other hand, in lyrical poetry a predilection for
stanzas in which disyllabic rhymes alternate with monosyllabic, as, for
instance, in Sheffield, _On the Loss of an only Son_:
_Our mórning's gáy and shíning,
The dáys our jóys decláre;
At évening nó repíning,
And níght's all vóid of cáre.
A fónd transpórted móther
Was óften héard to crý,
Oh, whére is súch anóther
So bléss'd by Héaven as Í?_ &c.
Rhythmical licences, such as suppression of the anacrusis, seldom occur
in such short lines. The species of licence that is most frequent
appears to be inversion of accent.
CHAPTER XI
THE RHYMED FIVE-FOOT VERSE
§ =151.= Among all English metres the five-foot verse may be said to be
the metre which has been employed in the greatest number of poems, and
in those of highest merit.
Two forms can be distinguished, namely, the rhymed and the rhymeless
five-foot verse (the latter being known as _blank verse_), which are of
equal importance, though not of equal antiquity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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