A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
Among the blank verse lines in Shakespeare's plays there are sometimes
interspersed examples of the native four-beat long line. This occurs,
apart from lyrical passages, most frequently in the early plays, e.g.
in _Love's Labour's Lost_ and in _The Comedy of Errors_, III. i. 11-84,
from which the following specimen is taken:
Ant. E. _I thínk thou art an áss._ |
Dro. E. _Marry, só it doth appéar
By the wróngs I súffer | and the blóws I béar.
I should kíck, being kíck'd; | and, béing at that páss,
You would kéep from my héels | and bewáre of an áss._
Ant. E. _You're sád, Signior Bálthasar: | pray Gód our chéer
May ánswer my good wíll | and your good wélcome hére._
Occasionally these verses exhibit a somewhat more extended
structure, so that they might pass for Alexandrines; mostly,
however, a line of this type is connected by rhyme with an
unmistakable four-beat line; cf.
_If thóu hadst been, Drómio, | to dáy in my pláce,
Thou wouldst have changed thy fáce for a náme, | or thy náme
for an áss._
Com. of Err. III. i. 47.
For this reason the second line also is to be scanned somehow or
other in conformity with the general four-beat rhythm of the passage;
possibly we should assume an initial thesis of five syllables. In
lyrical passages four-beat lines are often combined also with four-foot
iambic verse of the freer type (cf. § 132); e.g. in the following
passage from _Midsummer Night's Dream_, II. i. 2-7:
_Over híll, over dále, | thorough búsh, thorough bríer,
Over párk, over pále, | thorough flóod, thorough fíre,
I do wánder évery whére,
Swífter thán the móon's sphére;
Ánd I sérve the fáiry quéen,
To déw her órbs upón the gréen_, &c.
The two first lines belong to the first, the following to the latter
species. Sometimes the rhythm of such rhymed four-foot verses is purely
trochaic, e.g. in the witches' song in Macbeth, IV, sc. i.
There are also unrhymed iambic lines of four feet, which usually have a
caesura in the middle; e.g.:
_The mátch is máde, | and áll is dóne._ Shrew, IV. iv. 46.
_Befóre the kíngs | and quéens of France._ Hen. VI, I. vi. 27.
Not unfrequently, however, such verses only apparently have four feet,
one missing foot or part of it being supplied by a pause (cf. _Metrik_,
ii, § 164):
_He's tá'en_ ⏑–́ (_Shout_). || _And hark! | they shóut for jóy._
Caes. V. iii. 32.
Mal. _As thóu didst léave it._ –́ || Serg. _Dóubtful it stóod._
Macb. I. ii. 7.
_Thínk on lord Hástings._ –́ || _Despáir and díe!_
Rich. III, V. iii. 134.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account