A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
_Fáith alóne can intérpret lífe, || and the héart that áches and
bléeds with the stígma
Of pain, | alóne bears the likeness of Chríst, || and cán
comprehénd its dárk enígma._
There are, as appears from this specimen, a great many licences in these
verses; the caesura, mostly in the fourth foot, is masculine in lines 1,
5, 6, feminine in 2; so that the second half of the line has an
iambic-anapaestic rhythm. Besides this most of the lines have secondary
caesuras in different places of the verse; iambic-anapaestic verses
(like 3, 4, 6) are decidedly in the minority. The rhymes are both
feminine and masculine, but there is no regular alternation between
them, as might be supposed from the above short specimen.
§ =199.= The form of the =seven-foot trochaic-dactylic verse= may be
illustrated by the following theoretical specimen, quoted from _The
Grammar of English Grammars_ (p. 880), by Goold Brown:
_Óut of the kíngdom of Chríst shall be gáthered, | by ángels o'er
Sátan victórious,
Áll that offéndeth, that líeth, that fáileth | to hónour his náme
ever glórious._
Verses of this form with masculine endings printed in short lines occur
in a song by Burns (p. 217):
_Whére are the jóys I have mét in the mórning, | that dánc'd to the
lárk's early sáng?
Whére is the péace that awáited my wánd'ring | at évening the wíld
woods amáng?_
§ =200.= The =six-foot trochaic-dactylic verse= may be illustrated by a
theoretical specimen from Goold Brown (p. 880), which is strictly
dactylic, with inserted rhymes:
_Tíme, thou art éver in mótion, | on whéels of the dáys, years
and áges;
Réstless as wáves of the ócean, | when Eúrus or Bóreas ráges._
Generally this metre is combined with iambic-anapaestic verses, as e.g.
in Mrs. Browning's _Confessions_ (iii. 60) mentioned above, § 192, which
is, for the greatest part, written in this form:
_Fáce to fáce in my chámber, | my sílent chámber, I sáw her:
Gód and shé and I ónly, | there Í sate dówn to dráw her
Sóul through the cléfts of conféssion,-- | spéak, I am hólding
thee fást
As the ángel of résurréction | shall dó it át the lást!_
§ =201.= The =five-foot trochaic-dactylic verse= occurs now and then in
Swinburne's _A Century of Roundels_, as e.g. on p. 5:
_Súrely the thóught | in a mán's heart hópes or féars
Nów that forgétfulness | néeds must hére have strícken
Ánguish, | and swéetened the séaled-up spríngs | of téars_, &c.
The verses are trochaic with two dactyls at the beginning. The caesura
is variable; masculine in line 1; trisyllabic after the second arsis in
line 2; a double caesura occurs in line 3, viz. a feminine one in the
first foot, a masculine one in the fourth. The rhymes are both masculine
and feminine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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