A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
_or it =t=ýme wére_ 30, _in his =f=áders life_ 46, _of þis =m=éry
tále_ 45, _þat þei no =c=ómme þáre_ 507.
The same types occur in the first hemistich; but type C disappears almost
entirely, and in the other two the last syllable not unfrequently is
accented, especially if a considerable number of unaccented syllables
occur in the middle of the hemistich; such verses may be looked upon as
remnants of types B and E:
_þo was =c=róuned =k=íng_ 28, _hee made a =u=éry =u=ów_ 281, _and
=w=édded þat =w=íght_ 225, _þe =b=érn couth þerbý_ 632, &c.
Type D also seems to occur sometimes:
_=m=óuth =m=éete þertò_ 184, _what =d=éath =d=rý[e] thou shàlt_ 1067.
Besides these types the first hemistich has, as in Old English times,
some forms of its own. The succession of syllables –́ × × –́ × (type A)
is extended either by several unaccented syllables before the first
accented one (polysyllabic anacrusis) or by the insertion of a
secondary accent between the two main accented syllables, or after the
second accented syllable, with a considerable number of medial
unaccented syllables.
(_a_) _That ever =st=éede be=st=róde_ 10,
_Hee brought his ménne to þe =b=órowe_ 259.
(_b_) _And =ch=éued fòrthe with þe =ch=ílde_ 78,
_Þe =c=ómpanìe was =c=árefull_ 359.
(_c_) α. _=G=lísiande as =g=óldwìre_ 180,
_Þei =c=raked þe =c=ournales_ 295.
β. _Hue =l=óued so =l=écherìe_ 35,
_And =Ph=ílip þe =f=érse kìng_ 276.
γ. _=St=ónes =st=írred þei þò_ 293,
_Þe =f=ólke too =f=áre with hìm_ 158.
The examples under (_a_) show the tendency noticeable already in the
first hemistich of the Old English alliterative line to admit anacrusis.
The examples under (_b_) and (_c_) may be looked upon as extended forms
of types E and D.
§ =56.= Several poems of somewhat later date deviate more frequently
from these types than the _Alisaunder_ fragments, chiefly in the
following points:
The end of the hemistich sometimes consists of an accented syllable
instead of an unaccented one; the thesis is sometimes monosyllabic
instead of polysyllabic, especially in A, or the anacrusis may be
polysyllabic instead of monosyllabic. Secondary accents are introduced
more frequently into the second hemistich also, but by poets whose
technique is careful they are admitted only between the two accented
syllables. Owing to these licences, and to the introduction of
polysyllabic theses, the rhythm of the verse sometimes becomes very
heavy.
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