1 In what sense is a History of Indian Philosophy possible?......62 2 Growth of the Philosophic Literature...........................65 3 The Indian systems of Philosophy...............................67 4 Some fundamental points of agreement...........................71 1 _The Karma theory_.........................................71 2 _The Doctrine of Mukti_....................................74 3 _The Doctrine of Soul_.....................................75 5 The Pessimistic Attitude towards the World and the Optimistic Faith in the end...............................................75 6 Unity in Indian Sâdhana (philosophical, religious and ethical endeavours)....................................................77 xiv CHAPTER V BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY 1 The State of Philosophy in India before Buddha.................78 2 Buddha: his Life...............................................81 3 Early Buddhist Literature......................................82 4 The Doctrine of Causal Connection of early Buddhism............84 5 The Khandhas...................................................93 6 Avijjâ and Âsava...............................................99 7 Sîla and Samâdhi..............................................100 8 Kamma.........................................................106 9 Upani@sads and Buddhism.......................................109 10 The Schools of Theravâda Buddhism.............................112 11 Mahâyânism....................................................125 12 The Tathatâ Philosophy of As'vagho@sa (80 A.D.)...............129 13 The Mâdhyamika or the Sûnyavâda school--Nihilism..............138 14 Uncompromising Idealism or the School of Vijñânavâda Buddhism.145 15 Sautrântika theory of Perception..............................151 16 Sautrântika theory of Inference...............................155 17 The Doctrine of Momentariness.................................158 18 The Doctrine of Momentariness and the Doctrine of Causal Efficiency (Arthakriyâkâritva)..................................163 19 Some Ontological Problems on which the Different Indian Systems diverged........................................................164 20 Brief Survey of the Evolution of Buddhist Thought.............166 CHAPTER VI THE JAINA PHILOSOPHY