[Illustration: FIG. 98.—Collared Peccary (_Tagassu tajacu_).—By permission of the N.Y. Zoölog. Soc.] Hoofed animals are not numerously represented in South America. The only existing Perissodactyla of the western hemisphere are the tapirs (_Tapirus_) of Central and tropical South America, a very remarkable contrast to the ancient faunas, especially of the northern continent, as will be shown in the sequel. The Artiodactyla are more varied, though very scanty in comparison with those of the Old World; even North America, which has but a poor representation of these animals, is much richer than the southern continent, where, indeed, all the hoofed animals are the descendants of comparatively recent immigrants from the north and none are truly autochthonous. Members of three different artiodactyl suborders occur in the Neotropical region; the peccaries (_Tagassu_) extend through Central and South America to Paraguay, though also entering the Sonoran region in Texas. Most interesting are the members of the camel family, which are very distinct from the true Camel of Asia. Tierra del Fuego and the Patagonian plains support great herds of the Guanaco (_Lama huanacus_), which extends along the Andes to Ecuador and Peru, where it is associated with the Vicuña (_L. vicunia_), a smaller and more slenderly built species. The Vicuña does not range south of Bolivia. Just as the mountain systems of North America carry the Boreal and Transition faunas through nearly the whole breadth of the Sonoran region, so the high Andes afford a pathway by which the mammals of the south temperate zone extend their range to the equator. [Illustration: FIG. 99.—Vicuña (_Lama vicunia_).—By permission of the N.Y. Zoölog. Soc.] [Illustration: FIG. 100.—Florida Deer (_Odocoileus virginianus osceola_).—By permission of the N.Y. Zoölog. Soc.] [Illustration: FIG. 101.—Marsh Deer (_Blastoceros paludosus_), female.—By permission of the N.Y. Zoölog. Soc.]