A history of land mammals in the western hemisphereScott, William Berryman
History
A history of land mammals in the western hemisphere
Scott, William Berryman
Mammals; Mammals, Fossil
The genus _†Amynodon_ is also represented in the upper Bridger beds, but
by a species different from that of the Uinta stage. This more ancient
species was a smaller animal than its upper Eocene successor and had less
enlarged canine tusks, but it already possessed the typical rhinoceros
molar teeth, the only Bridger mammal of which this is true. Beyond this
species the line, as at present understood, cannot be traced, though
probably some species of _†Hyrachyus_, or an allied genus, will prove to
be the ancestor sought; but the connecting link has not yet been brought
to light.
The history of the rhinoceroses and rhinoceros-like animals, of which
a very much simplified sketch has just been given, is a highly complex
one, much more so than that of the horses, †titanotheres, or tapirs,
and is less fully recorded, the earlier chapters of the story being
still missing. However, in the progress of discovery these chapters will
almost certainly be recovered, and it is already possible to draw close
inferences as to what they will reveal. The complexity of the history is
chiefly due to the fact that, as compared with the other perissodactyl
groups, the rhinoceros stem ramified more widely and gave rise to
more divergent and diversified forms. At one extreme, we find huge,
massive, slow-moving types; and, at the other, light, slender, cursorial
creatures, almost horse-like in appearance, with intermediate forms of
moderate size. Some were long and others short legged, mostly adapted to
terrestrial life, but some with aquatic habits. The three very different
sorts of modification which the anterior teeth (incisors and canines)
underwent in the three principal series may be taken as an illustration
of this divergent development, and to these may be added a fourth, the
complete suppression of all the incisors and canines above and below, as
is exemplified by the modern African species.
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