A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Science
A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3
Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Birds -- North America
During the love-season the Tree Sparrow is quite a fine musician, its
song resembling that of the Canary, but finer, sweeter, and not so
loud. In their migrations, Mr. Audubon states, a flock of twenty or
more will perch upon the same tree, and join in a delightful chorus.
Their flight is elevated and graceful, and in waving undulations. On
opening the stomachs of those he shot at the Magdeleine Islands, Mr.
Audubon found them containing minute shell-fish, coleopterous insects,
hard seeds, berries, and grains of sand.
Nests obtained near Fort Anderson confirm the descriptions given by
Mr. Hutchins, as observed in the settlement at Hudson’s Bay. The eggs,
which are much larger than those of the other species of _Spizella_,
measure .85 by .65 of an inch. Their ground-color is a light green,
over which the eggs are very generally freckled with minute markings
of a foxy brown. These markings are distributed with great regularity,
but so sparsely as to leave the ground distinctly visible.
Spizella pusilla, BONAP.
FIELD SPARROW.
_Fringilla pusilla_, WILSON, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 121, pl. xvi, f.
2.—LICHT. Verzeich. Doubl. 1823, No. 252.—AUD. Orn. Biog. II,
1834, 299, pl. cxxxix. _Spizella pusilla_, BONAP. List,
1838.—IB. Conspectus, 1850, 480.—BAIRD, Birds N. Am. 1858,
473.—SAMUELS, 319. _Emberiza pusilla_, AUD. Syn. 1839,
104.—IB. Birds Am. III, 1841, 77, pl. clxiv. _Spinites
pusillus_, CAB. Mus. Hein. 1851, 133. _Fringilla juncorum_,
NUTT. Man. I, 1832, 499 (2d ed.,) 1840, 577 (supposed by him to
be _Motacilla juncorum_, GMELIN, I, 952; _Sylvia juncorum_,
LATHAM, Ind. II, 511; _Little Brown Sparrow_, CATESBY, Car. I,
35).
SP. CHAR. Bill red. Crown continuous rufous-red, with a faint
indication of an ashy central stripe, and ashy nuchal collar. Back
somewhat similar, with shaft-streaks of blackish. Sides of head and
neck (including a superciliary stripe) ashy. Ear-coverts rufous.
Beneath white, tinged with yellowish anteriorly. Tail-feathers and
quills faintly edged with white. Two whitish bands across the
wing-coverts. Autumnal specimens more rufous. Length about 5.75; wing,
2.34.
HAB. Eastern North America to the Missouri River; San Antonio, Texas
in winter (DRESSER, Ibis, 1865, 489).
This species is about the size of _S. socialis_, but is more rufous
above; lacks the black forehead and eye stripe; has chestnut ears,
instead of ash; has the bill red, instead of black; lacks the clear
ash of the rump; has a longer tail, etc. It is more like _monticola_,
but is much smaller; lacks the spot on the breast, and the
predominance of white on the wings, etc. The young have the breast and
sides streaked, and the crown slightly so.
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