For invaluable assistance in the investigation I gratefully acknowledge indebtedness to the numerous pioneers whom, from time to time, I have interviewed and who so kindly have given the aid sought. I wish to thank, also, several persons who generously have accepted the task of personally gathering pioneer data for certain localities. For such help I owe a debt of gratitude to the following persons: J. W. Johnson, Racine, Wisconsin; Reverend A. Jacobson, Decorah, Iowa; Reverend G. A. Larsen, Clinton, Wisconsin; Henry Natesta, Clinton, Wisconsin; Rev. O. J. Kvale, Orfordville, Wisconsin; Rev. J. Nordby, Lee, Illinois; Dr. N. C. Evans, Mt. Horeb, Wisconsin; M. J. Engebretson, Gratiot, Wisconsin; Dan K. Anderson and wife, Woodford, Wisconsin; Ole Jacobson, Elk Horn, Wisconsin; Samuel Sampson, Rio, Wisconsin; T. M. Newton, Grinnell, Iowa; Harvey Arveson, Whitewater, Wisconsin; and Reverend Helge Höverstad, Mt. Horeb, Wisconsin. My thanks are also due to Reverend G. G. Krostu of Koshkonong Parsonage for having placed at my disposal the Koshkonong Church Register from 1844-1850; as also for verifying my copy of it in some cases of names and dates; for the privilege accorded me of using these so precious documents I am most grateful. Reverend K. A. Kasberg of Spring Grove, Minnesota, has given me certain important data on part of the immigration to East Koshkonong in 1842, and similarly N. A. Lie of Deerfield, Wisconsin, for immigration from Voss in 1838-1844, and Mr. Elim Ellingson and wife of Capron, Illinois, on the founders of the Long Prairie Settlement. Many others might be mentioned who have given valuable assistance by letter and otherwise in the course of the investigation, and to whom I owe much. Finally, I wish to thank Dr. N. C. Evans of Mt. Horeb, Wisconsin, for the loan of _Cyclopedia of Wisconsin_ (1906) and _Illustreret Kirkehistorie_ (Chicago, 1898); Mr. O. N. Falk of Stoughton, Wisconsin, for loaning me _Billed-Magazin_ for 1869-1870, and my brother, Martin O. Flom, of Stoughton, for securing for my use several Wisconsin Atlases and a copy of _The Biographical Review of Dane County_ (1893). Of published works on Norwegian immigration which I have found especially useful are to be mentioned S. Nilsen's _Billed-Magazin_ on causes of immigration and the earliest immigrants from Telemarken and Numedal; R. B. Anderson's _First Chapter on Norwegian Immigration_ for the sloopers of 1825, and their descendants; Strand's _History of the Norwegians in Illinois_ (1905) for the Norwegians in Chicago; H. L. Skavlem's sketch of _Scandinavians in the Early Days of Rock County, Wisconsin_, _Normandsforbundet_ for February, 1909, and several articles in _Symra_, 1905-1908. I must also mention a most valuable series of articles on the Rock Prairie Settlement, Rock County, Wisconsin, which appeared in _Amerika_ in 1906. (See further the Bibliography at the end of this volume.)