A History of Science — Volume 1Williams, Henry Smith
History
A History of Science — Volume 1
Williams, Henry Smith
Science -- History
It must be admitted that Tacitus, in relating that Vespasian caused the
blind to see and the lame to walk, qualifies his narrative by asserting
that "persons who are present attest the truth of the transaction when
there is nothing to be gained by falsehood." Nor must we overlook the
fact that a similar belief in the power of royalty has persisted almost
to our own day. But no such savor of scepticism attaches to a narrative
which Dion Cassius gives us of an incident in the life of Marcus
Aurelius--an incident that has become famous as the episode of The
Thundering Legion. Xiphilinus has preserved the account of Dion, adding
certain picturesque interpretations of his own. The original narrative,
as cited, asserts that during one of the northern campaigns of Marcus
Aurelius, the emperor and his army were surrounded by the hostile Quadi,
who had every advantage of position and who presently ceased hostilities
in the hope that heat and thirst would deliver their adversaries into
their hands without the trouble of further fighting. "Now," says Dion,
"while the Romans, unable either to combat or to retreat, and reduced to
the last extremity by wounds, fatigue, heat, and thirst, were standing
helplessly at their posts, clouds suddenly gathered in great number and
rain descended in floods--certainly not without divine intervention,
since the Egyptian Maege Arnulphis, who was with Marcus Antoninus, is
said to have invoked several genii by the aerial mercury by enchantment,
and thus through them had brought down rain."
Here, it will be observed, a supernatural explanation is given of a
natural phenomenon. But the narrator does not stop with this. If we are
to accept the account of Xiphilinus, Dion brings forward some striking
proofs of divine interference. Xiphilinus gives these proofs in the
following remarkable paragraph:
"Dion adds that when the rain began to fall every soldier lifted his
head towards heaven to receive the water in his mouth; but afterwards
others hold out their shields or their helmets to catch the water for
themselves and for their horses. Being set upon by the barbarians...
while occupied in drinking, they would have been seriously incommoded
had not heavy hail and numerous thunderbolts thrown consternation into
the ranks of the enemy. Fire and water were seen to mingle as they left
the heavens. The fire, however, did not reach the Romans, but if it did
by chance touch one of them it was immediately extinguished, while at
the same time the rain, instead of comforting the barbarians, seemed
merely to excite like oil the fire with which they were being consumed.
Some barbarians inflicted wounds upon themselves as though their blood
had power to extinguish flames, while many rushed over to the side of
the Romans, hoping that there water might save them."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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